Communication 120 : Gender Communication : Julia T. Wood

Front 1

Men and Women s Perspectives of what love means

Back 1

*Women wants to see affection and care from her partner, she likes to have a expressive relationship, to know what he is feeling deep down.

*Man shows instrumentality his affections towards his partner by doing things like washing the car etc. less talking more of the doing

Front 2

Gendered preferences of autonomy and connection

Back 2

These a re two of the things a humans needs to feel and both personal freedom & meaningful mutual (Having same relationship with others) relationships. Masculine individuals want greater autonomy and less connection feminine is reverse.

Front 3

Challenge of cross-sex friendships

Back 3

*Sexual undertone
*Sex- segregated socialization

Front 4

Rewards of cross-sex friendships

Back 4

*Uniqueness
*Men get expressive talk

Front 5

Mommy myth

Back 5

That idea, exception that a mother should always spend their days engaged in happy adventures. She enjoys her children, never raises her voice ,very patient never hits her kids.

Front 6

Relationships satisfaction in lesbian relationships

Back 6

Mutual attentiveness to nurturing and emotional open to each other. Share mutual perspectives, communicate affectionately, share responsibility of their relationship, they like to talk about it, both sensitive to interpersonal dynamics, build expressive and nurturing communications.

Front 7

Masculine Friendship

Back 7

Very instrumentally, builds on doing things, have compartments in friends.. less talking.

Front 8

Feminine Friendship

Back 8

Build through talking, very expressive showing fears and feelings to each other, connecting and relating with one another.

Front 9

Male Deficit Model

Back 9

Men are less skilled in developing and maintaining personal relationships

Front 10

Alternative Paths Model

Back 10

Socialization has made men not be able to communicate as well as women. However, this model states that men still develop relationships and communicate it's just done differently

Front 11

Cultural Scripts for Romance

Back 11

*Feminine women and Masculine men are desirable
* Men should initiate, plan, and direct most activities in a relationship
*Women should start conversation, generally defer to men, but control sexual activity
* Men should excel in status and earning $ and women should assume primarily responsibility for the relationship

Front 12

Division of Household Labor in heterosexual romantic relationships

Back 12

*Gender ideology= men & women who are more traditional about gender see that women should do most of the domestic labor
*Women s alternative to relationship= women who have desirable alternatives to their current relationships have more leverage to persuade their partners to participate in domestic labor.
* Men still do less chores
Masculine socialization which means traditionally the young girl and women perform more feminine tasks

Front 13

Sex

Back 13

Biological features (male/female) binary means 2 categories

Front 14

Gender

Back 14

It’s learned by the society which has literally shaped the guidelines to what masculine/feminine are supposed to act

Front 15

Gender Identity

Back 15

Persons own identification as male or female

Front 16

Essentializing

Back 16

Tendency to reduce something or someone to certain characters that we assume are essential to its nature and present in every member of a category; presumes that all members are of a sex are alike; obscures the range of characteristics possessed by an individual & conceals differences among members of each sex

Front 17

Intersexed

Back 17

People who are born with each qualities (male/female) “hermaphrodites”

Front 18

Transgender

Back 18

Those who like things from the opposite sex and what to be them

Front 19

Transsexual

Back 19

Those that take the step to change some of their biology

Front 20

Cisgendered

Back 20

Full on female which equals heterosexual

Front 21

Sexual Orientation

Back 21

Refers to person preferences for romantic and sexual partners; heterosexual or homosexual

Front 22

Relationship B/W sex, gender, and sexual orientation

Back 22

These three categories help individuals identify who they are

Front 23

Qualitative research methods

Back 23

Aim to understand the nature or meaning of experiences that cannot be quantified A. textual analysis looks deeper into texts B. Ethnography comparing and contrasting female and male behaviors and works.

Front 24

Quantitative research methods

Back 24

Collect/gather data that can be quantified, analyzed to draw conclusions very descriptive method of research.

Front 25

Mixed research methods

Back 25

A mixture of 2 or more methods

Front 26

Critical research methods

Back 26

Identify & challenge inequities & problems in social life

Front 27

Reasons to learn about communication, gender, and culture

Back 27

1 enhances appreciation of complex ways in which cultural values & practices influence your views of m/f femininity/masculinity 2 enhances insight into your own gender, become more aware 3 Strengthen your effectiveness as a communicator to appreciate the distinct validity of diverse communication styles.

Front 28

Communication has 2 levels of meaning

Back 28

1 content level means a literal meaning; expected to follow from a message 2 relationship level means is less obvious means both couple decide on a decision together showing no control on neither side both are balanced, guy might tease but she knows it’s just a joke she doesn't take it seriously.

Front 29

The social Construction of inequality

Back 29

Our culture designs whats normal or superior means that sex, gender, race, gender Identity, sexual orientation, and class really influence individuals knowledge, experience, and opportunities. To really know who someone is you have to be able to step into their shows and see their point of view on why they identify themselves like that and why they think like that.

Front 30

***** Performative Thoery

Back 30

Everyday performances that help shape and problematize our cultural categories (ex: heterosexual guys 2 hold hand in public doesn't seem right so it’s looked as *****)

Front 31

***** Thoery

Back 31

Ppl start challenging traditional notions of gender by criticizing what we see as “normal” & “abnormal”

Front 32

Standpoint Thoery

Back 32

How membership into groups shapes what individuals experience, know, feel, and do as well as how individuals understand social life as a whole ( where we stand in society)

Front 33

4 Broad Categories of Thoeories

Back 33

Biological is characteristics are the basis of gender differences- brain structure &brain development, interpersonal are factors that influence the development of masculinity and femininity- living up to expectations, cultural focus on how culture influences gender development and critical is when our attention is directed to structures and practices by which societies classify ppl into groups and then accord more or less privilege to different groups.

Front 34

Goals of Thoery

Back 34

A way to describe, explain, & predict relationships among phenomena- to make sense of our lives, predict others behaviors and guide our attitudes and actions

Front 35

Social Learning Thoery

Back 35

Individuals learn to be masculine and feminine primarily by imitating others and getting responses from others to their behaviors

Front 36

Symbolic Interactionism

Back 36

Through communication with others we learn who we are and how culture views our identity.
* he, self (and therefore gender along with it) develops through our communication with others.

Front 37

Gender Schema Thoery

Back 37

Cognitive( understanding, producing, learning reasoning) processes are central to our learning what gender means in our culture, to learn how to perform our gender competently.
*we have schemata (which are mental structures we can call upon to understand the world around us) that we use to understand gender.

Front 38

Heternomativity

Back 38

Is the assumption that heterosexuality is normal and normative and all other sexual identities are abnormal.

Front 39

Masculine Speech Community

Back 39

Talk as a way to accomplish goals, control, independence, entertain, and enhance status. Like showing off. Telling jokes, get to the point,show knowledge to others, men tend to talk more often and talk @ greater length than woman because they want to show authority and show off knowlegde, interrupt more than woman to control convo. By challenging other speakers, more direct & assertive(confident) don’t talk about personal feelings or experiences, speak in general.Less emotionally. Est. status and control

Front 40

Feminine Speech Community

Back 40

Est. and maintain relationships est. equality support tentativeness, responsive. communication is key to establish and maintain relationships with others. Share things about themselves and learn about others. Equality “I felt what you felt before” give support, responsive, invite others to speak, tentativeness leaves doors open to respond and express their opinions.

Front 41

Who ( General) is more Talkative

Back 41

men tend to talk more in general because they want to control conversation and status basically showing off knowledge

Front 42

Spotlighting

Back 42

The practice of highlighting a person’s sex

Front 43

Polarized Thinking

Back 43

The either or either your male or female, things as absolute opposites

Front 44

Verbal Hedging

Back 44

Saying things like “I kind of feel you may be overreacting” or “the hunger games was good wasn't it?” ties along with feminine speech community more. A way to make people continue responing

Front 45

Social views about women and marital name change

Back 45

Very traditional part. generations make a difference they see name change differently. Traditional = Women should change last name to their husband’s last name and male should keep their last name. He feels proud of having his wife carry his name but she is also proud of her name.
Identity of your family
PPl do what they are comfortable with name change must talk with partner if its okay with him or her

Front 46

Minimal Response Cues

Back 46

Men use the words like “yeah” or “umhmm”

Front 47

Gender Linked Language effect

Back 47

Language differences between women and men are influenced by variety of factors including topics, speaker status, salience of gender in a communication situation and other ppl present.

Front 48

Male generic language

Back 48

Purports (false appearance of being intended) to include both women and men EX- businessman, spokesman, mankind etc. assumption that only males are included

Front 49

5 common gender based misinterpretations

Back 49

Showing support-like giving advice and both sexes misinterpret what they said, troubles talk- hurt feelings, the point of the story-straightforward male female details, relationship talk, public speaking.