Com 101 - C4

Front 1

Perception

Back 1

the process of selection, organization, and interpretation of the information we collect through our senses; what we see, hear, taste, smell, and touch. The sensory data we select, the ways we organize it, and the interpretations we assign to it affect the ways we communicate.

Front 2

Perception Process

Back 2

a process by which we take information in and seek to understand it.

Front 3

The 3 processes of perception:

Back 3

1. selection
2. organization
3. interpretation

Front 4

Selection

Back 4

deciding what to select from available stimuli, attending to a narrow range...

Front 5

Factors affecting selection:

Back 5

- intensity (force - commercials are louder.)
- size
- contrast (what we wear to stand out?) vs. blending in.
- repetition (vote 5 now. vote 5 now. vote 5 now.)
- movement

Front 6

Organization

Back 6

- make stimuli recognizable.
- use schemas.

Front 7

Four ways to develop schemas:

Back 7

1. cognitive representation
2. planning
3. interpersonal scripts
4. categorization

Front 8

Interpretation

Back 8

- assigning meaning to stimuli.
- frame.
- attribution theory.

Front 9

Attribution Theory

Back 9

- attributional bias.
- self-serving bias.
- fundamental attribution error.

Front 10

Perception & the individual:

Back 10

a variety of the individual factors influence your perceptual processes and affect your selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input.

Front 11

Physical Differences:

Back 11

taste, sight, hearing, etc.

Front 12

Cognitive Differences:

Back 12

- cognitive complexity test - what is cognitive complexity? categories or constructs to understand human communication.
- constructs.
- interpersonal constructs.

Front 13

Personality Differences:

Back 13

emotions, outlook, and knowledge.

Front 14

The individual, perception & society:

Back 14

the position you hold in society and the cultures in which you live affect what you perceive and how you interpret these perceptions.

Front 15

How societal factors affect perception:

Back 15

- the role of power.
- the role of culture.
- the role of social comparison:
a. ethnocentrism
b. stereotypes
c. prejudice
1. ego-defense
2. value expression
- social roles.

Front 16

Ethnics & perception:

Back 16

if you perceive that someone is old and your stereotype of old people is that they are infirm, you may treat that person as a if she were a child - response that we regard as unethical because it stems from stereotypical thinking.

Front 17

Ethical obligations related to perception:

Back 17

- mindfulness (Ellen Langer)
- distinguish between facts and inferences.
- perception checking.

Front 18

Improving your perception skills:

Back 18

certain cognitive and communication behaviors can improve your ability to perceive and understand the world.

Front 19

Work toward improving perception skills:

Back 19

ask yourself:
- what might I have failed to notice?
- have I engaged in faulty thinking?
- has my physical condition impacted my perceptions?
- has my cultural background influenced my perceptions?
- has my social role influenced my perceptions?