Chpt 9 Pretest

Front 1

The arboreal hypothesis of primate origins explains that

Back 1

grasping hands and feet were necessary for living in trees.

Front 2

As a corollary to the idea that primates emerged as an adaptation to an arboreal environment, Matt Cartmill proposed that

Back 2

catching small prey was more important in primate evolution than living in the trees

Front 3

Robert Sussman’s angiosperm radiation hypothesis is based on the finding that

Back 3

fruit was a newly available food source in the Cenozoic era

Front 4

Euprimates, the first true primates, consisted of the following two groups

Back 4

Omomyids and Adapids

Front 5

Higher primates most likely evolved from

Back 5

Anthropoids

Front 6

The Fayum primates in the Oligocene epoch were the

Back 6

All of these are correct

Front 7

Which of the following is NOT a hypothesis for how anthropoids got to South America

Back 7

African ancestors reached South America by using the Bering Strait between Asia and North America

Front 8

While flipping through the channels, you stop on a television program about primate evolution. The host says that there is a 6-million-year gap in the fossil evidence between the latest Oligocene catarrhines and the earliest Miocene proconsulids, which could mean that primates disappeared from Earth and evolved anew some time later. Your roommate comes running when you start yelling at the television

Back 8

"The resemblance between the Fayum catarrhines and the Miocene proconsulids in skull form and dentition suggests an evolutionary relationship, even if the direct fossil evidence isn’t there!"

Front 9

Which of the following is unique to hominins

Back 9

precision grip

Front 10

The first primate fossil to be described by a scientist was recorded by

Back 10

Georges Cuvier

Front 11

A valid criticism of the idea that anthropoids evolved independently in Africa and South America is that

Back 11

there are striking similarities between Old and New World primates not only in phenotype but also in genotype

Front 12

Eocene primates differ from Paleocene primates in the following way(s)

Back 12

All of these are correct

Front 13

The common ancestor of all later catarrhines, Old World monkeys, and hominins was likely

Back 13

Aegyptopithecus.

Front 14

From 12 to 8 mya, Dryopithecids were found in _____________ while Sivapithecids were found in _____________.

Back 14

Europe; Asia

Front 15

The largest primate that ever lived, named for its massive size, was

Back 15

None of these is correct

Front 16

A valid criticism of the arboreal hypothesis of primate origins is that

Back 16

the opossum is also an arboreal mammal but did not develop uniquely primate traits.

Front 17

Your classmate, whose part-time job entails reorganizing the paleoanthropology lab on campus, asks you to take a look at a skeleton that she thinks is from a primate. After noting the absence of a postorbital bar, nails, and an opposable thumb, you tell her that

Back 17

she should label this skeleton as a plesiadapiform rather than as a primate

Front 18

While walking across campus, you overhear a guy telling his girlfriend that the origin of every human ancestor was in Africa. You stop him and explain that he is not completely correct because

Back 18

based on the current fossil evidence, Asia could equally likely be the place where higher primates originated

Front 19

Your biology instructor says in class that the fossil remains of primates from the Eocene demonstrate that they were nothing like the primates of today. After class, you argue with him, noting that

Back 19

a variety of primate traits, such as convergent eyes, grasping digits, and a large brain, are common to both Eocene primates and those of today

Front 20

The short calcaneus bone of Eosimias demonstrates that

Back 20

All of these are correct

Front 21

This skull indicates Plesiadapis was not a true primate because

Back 21

All of these are correct

Front 22

This anthropologist is sweeping away layers of sand to

Back 22

search for fossils in the Fayum Depression, Egypt.

Front 23

This phylogenetic chart of catarrhine origins indicates that

Back 23

All of these are correct.

Front 24

The skeletal anatomy of Proconsul indicates it can be classified as

Back 24

an ape

Front 25

The majority of primate species alive today reside in

Back 25

the southern hemisphere