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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an exothermic reaction? |
They give out heat energy |
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What is an endothermic reaction? |
It takes in heat energy |
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How are bonds broken? |
Reacting particles must collide with sufficient energy. |
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What is activation energy? |
The minimum amount of energy that the particles must have for a reaction |
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When do the products have less energy than the reactants? |
Exothermic |
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When do the products have more energy than the reactants? |
Endothermic |
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What do catalysts do? |
Speed up the reaction |
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What is the equation for rate of reaction? |
Rate of reaction = amount of reactant used or product formed / time |
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What are the units for the rate of reaction? |
g/s |
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What are the four factors that affect rate of reaction? |
Temperature Concentration Surface Area Catalysts |
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What is the equation for energy change? |
Energy Change = energy of bond breaking - energy of bond making |
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What is a reversible reaction? |
A chemical reaction that can go forwards or backwards |
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What is a closed system? |
When no reactants are added and no products are removed |
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What is equilibrium? |
When a reversible reaction occurs in a closed system and the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction. |
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What does le chateliers principle state? |
That if a system in equilibrium is subject to change in conditions, then the system shifts to resist the change |
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What is the pH scale of a neutral solution? |
7 |
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What is the pH of a highly alkali solution? |
14 |
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What is the pH of a highly acidic substance? |
1 |
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What ions ar released when an acid is dissolved in water? |
H+ |
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What ions are released when an alkali is dissolved in water? |
OH- |
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Write down what happens when an alkali and an acid react. |
Acid + Alkali ➡️ Salt + Water |
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Write down a general equation for the reaction of a metal carbonate and an acid |
Metal Carbonate + Acid ➡️ Metal Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water |
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What happens when metal hydroxide and an acid react? |
metal hydroxide + acid ➡️ salt + water |
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What happens when a metal oxide and an acid react? |
Metal Oxide + Acid ➡️ Salt + Water |
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What is the reaction for a metal and an acid? |
Acid + Metal ➡️ Salt + Hydrogen |
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When do redox reaction occur |
When electrons are transferred between substances. |
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What is oxidation? |
A loss of electrons |
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What is reduction? |
A gain of electrons |
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What is the formula for Hydrochloric Acid? |
Cl- |
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What is the formula for Nitric Acid? |
NO3- |
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What is the formula for sulphuric acid? |
SO(little 4)squared- |
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What is the formula for Sodium hydroxide? |
Na+ |
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What is the formula for potassium |
gh |
