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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How big is the radius of an atom? |
1 x 10^-10 m |
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How big is the radius of the nucleus? |
1 x 10^-14 m |
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What are the relative masses and charges of... -Protons? -Neutrons? -Electrons? |
-Protons... 1 and +1 -Neutrons... 1 and 0 -Electrons... 0 and -1 |
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What is the mass number and atomic number of an element ? |
Mass number - top number Atomic number - bottom number |
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What are isotopes? |
Different forms of the same element- have same number of protons but different number of neutrons |
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Why are mixtures easily separated? |
There is no chemical bond |
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When is filtration used? |
Used if your product is an insoluble solid that needs repeating from a liquid reaction mixture |
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How is evaporation carried out? |
- heat the solution - The solvent will evaporate - crystals will start to form - Keep heating until there are only dry crystals left |
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When is crystallisation used? |
If the salt decomposes when it is heated otherwise evaporation is used |
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How is crystallisation carried out? |
Gently heat the solution Some of the solvent will evaporate When crystals start to form, leave the solution to cool The salt will form crystals as it becomes insoluble Filter the crystals from the solution |
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When is simple distillation used? |
Used for separating out a liquid from a solution |
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What is fractional distillation? |
When long chain hydrocarbons are separated from short chain hydrocarbons |
