Chem 112 Project Week 2 Quiz

Front 1

what two things can scientific research be categorized as

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basic or applied

Front 2

basic research is sometimes referred to as

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pure research

Front 3

type of research that aims to expand knowledge without attempting to directly solve a problem

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basic research

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historically, the mission of academic institutions identified as research universities was to

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discover and disseminate new knowledge

Front 5

the faculty of the best universities are required to have

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vigorous research programs

Front 6

three basic research questions that have been/are currently being investigated in the chem dept at tamu are (4)

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1. can metal atoms form multiple covalent bonds

2. can palau'amine be synthesized in the lab

3. how does the enzyme dihydrooratase cleave amide bonds during the synthesis of dna bases?

4. how is vitamin B12 synthesized in living organisms

Front 7

the type of research that aims to solve a specific problem

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applied research

Front 8

three examples of nat'l labs

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los alamos, nm
lawrence livermore, ca
oak ridge, tn

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three types of labs that engage in applied research, in order of prevalence

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national labs
industry
academic labs

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three main sources of research $

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government
non-profit orgs
for-profit corporations

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largest source of research funds

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federal gov and to a lesser extent the states

Front 12

five redass gov agencies who provide research grants

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national institutes of health
national science foundation

defense agencies: army research office, office of naval research, department of energy

Front 13

the breast cancer initiative of the last 10 years was funded significantly out of the

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army research office

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gov agencies are supported by

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tax dollars

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example of a not-for-profit org that funds research

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american cancer society

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most people attribute our ability to develop an understanding of HIV and strategy for combating aids to

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years of basic research in a largely overlooked group of animal viruses

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the approach to funding research with federal funds has been

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supporting both basic and applied research

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much of the cutting edge applied research is now coming from

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academic labs

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example of applied research from tamu chem dept is

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development of a new catalyst to make plastics

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over the last two decades, many corporations have

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completely abandoned research

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some of the newest medicines are being developed

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by faculty at research universities

Front 22

in what 3 ways does the federal gov encourage faculty at universities to do applied research

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1. grant agencies have money committed to applied research programs

2. agencies are instructed to offer grant opportunities to new companies that grow out of universities to commercialize research

3. legislation to give ownership of the intellectual property to the university and scientists

Front 23

in december of 1980, what act became law?

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the bayh-dole university and small business patent procedures act

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what did the bayh-dole university and small business patent procedures act do

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assigned ownership of the intellectual property obtained through federally-funded research to the university

Front 25

texas a&m has an ______ dedicated to collaborating with industry

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office of technology commercialization

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how is it determined how much money governmental agencies get

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they get a budget from congress

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what do agencies do w/ the money they get

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1. spend some of it internally to do research

2. distribute it to researchers in academics

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how do professors at research universities get funds for their own research ideas?

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by writing a grant proposal

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in what two ways are grant proposals reviewed

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government agencies review them internally

government agencies assemble a panel of experts to review them (peer review)

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what is it called when a panel of experts is assembled to review a grant proposal

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peer review

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which grant proposals receive funding

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those judged to be the "best investment" of resources

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grant proposals are divided into 3 parts...

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specific aims
background and significance
methods

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specific aims

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shortest part of proposal

typically starts w/ one sentence stating the long term goals of the project

second sentence identifies purpose of proposed research

ends with aims 1-3

Front 34

in chemistry, oftentimes the aims include

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making something

developing a testing method

using the method with the made materials and controls to reach conclusions to satisfy the purpose

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background and significance

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describes why the research area is important and why the methods being used are significant (new/different)

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methods

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largest section

details steps used to achieve aims

problems that might be encountered are identified

solutions or alternative strategies are described

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purpose of project

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to synthesize and test a magnetic clay for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Front 38

__________ are a group of organic molecules that are found in exhaust from combustion and organici substances

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polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

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the Environmental Protection Agency has suggested that PAH levels in the water supply must be kept under

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.0002 mg/L

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the focus of this research project is

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the sequestration of PAHs from water with a modified clay

Front 41

PAHs are found in exaust from combustion of . . . (5)

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gas, diesel, wood, tobacco, charbroiled meat

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PAHs are found in (3)

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asphalt
creosote
tar

Front 43

each clay layer has

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a layer of octahedral atoms between layers of tetrahedral atoms

Front 44

the space between clay layers can vary between

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a few to tens of nanometers

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exfoliation

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a process that completely separates clay layers

Front 46

the structure of the clay gives it

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very high surface areas

Front 47

the surface area of clay has been used to adsorb chemicals in a variety in applications, including (4)

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water purification
wine making
dietary supplements in livestock
acne medication

Front 48

we will be making ______ clay that will adsorb ______

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magnetic

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Front 49

the process precipitates the _________ onto the surface of the clay, making the whole material magnetic

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iron oxides

Front 50

the use of magnetic compounds aids in

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separation

Front 51

three main steps of project

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make magnetic clays

develop methods for characterizing their ability to sequester PAHs using a colored dye as a model

draw comparisons of our new materials to an existing standard, charcoal