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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Deception |
When a person intends to mislead another person deliberately without being explicitly asked to do so by the target |
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What are the stages of the Deception process? |
1. Appropriate attention must be given to relevant cues 2. Relevant cues must be interpreted as a sign of deceit Errors can occur at each stage |
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What are the errors that can occur at each stage? |
Othello error: Incorrectly interpreting signs/cues as a sign of deceit when it a result of something Brokaw hazard: Failure to take into account the extent to which people can differ in their own expressive behaviour |
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What are the 2 methods for detecting deception? |
1. Polygraph Technique 2. Verbal and Non-Verbal Cues |
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What does the Polygraph technique do? What are the two types of tests? |
A device measuring changes in breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and sweating 1. Control (Comparison) Question Test (CQT) 2. The Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) |
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Describe the CQT Test |
Starts with base line readings of the components measured. Then asked relevant questions and measured the magnitude of the response compared to control/comparison questions |
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Describe the Guilty Knowledge Test |
Also known as the concealed information test is when a series of multiple choice questions are asked and the respondent is told to say no to each answer provided. Within each question one answer (the critical option) has information about the crime that only the person who committed it would know. The polygrapher would be looking for a change in the components measured when this option is read/answered |
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Why is the Control/Comparison Question Test more used? |
Because in order to use the GKT there must be enough details about the case that hasn't already been exposed to the media or people involved |
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What are the countermeasures for the polygraph? What has research shown about each of them? |
1. Personality - People with psychopathology still generally tend to elicit responses 2. Drugs and alcohol: Some evidence that tranquilizer's can work to control responses 3. Physical measures: Counting backwards from a certain number and tapping your foot can effect the responses measured |
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What are the reliable Verbal/Non-verbal cues? |
- Exhibiting higher voice pitch - Provide fewer details - Tell stories that make less sense - Avoid self-correction or admit to memory failures - Need to focus on patterns |
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What has research shown about detecting deception? |
The ability to detect deception can rarely go above 60% accuracy BUT we can train people to be better it's just challenging |
