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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Selection statements |
statements that let you choose actions with alternative courses if() { } else { } |
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Boolean data type |
declares a variable with the value either true or false |
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Comparison operators |
< less than <= less than or equal to > greater than >= greater than or equal to == equal to != not equal to |
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Boolean variable |
a variable that holds a boolean value cab hold one of the two values: true or false ex: boolean lightsOn = true; |
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One-way if statement |
executes an action if and only if the condition is true |
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syntax for if statement |
if (boolean-expression) { statement(s); } |
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Flowchart |
a diagram that describes an algorithm or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting these with arrows |
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if-else statements |
decides the execution path based on whether the condition is true or false |
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syntax for if-else statement |
if (boolean-expression) { statement(s)-for-the-true-case; } else { statement(s)-for-the-false-case; } |
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Nested if statement |
an if statement can be inside another if statement no limit on depth of nesting |
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multi-way if statement |
avoids deep indentation and makes the program easy to read |
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Logical operators |
can be used to create a compound Boolean expression ! not && and || or ^ exclusive or |
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De Morgan's Law |
!(condition1 && condition2) is the same as !condition1 || !condition2 !(condition1 || condition2) is the same as !condition1 && !condition2 |
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Switch statement |
executes statements based on the value of a variable or an expression |
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syntax for switch statements |
switch (switch-expression) { case value1: statement(s)1; break; case value2: statement(s)2; break; ... case valueN: statement(s)N; break; defeault: statement(s) - for - default; } |
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Switch expression must yield |
a value of char, byte, short, int, or string type and must always be enclosed in parentheses |
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the value1... and valueN must |
have the same data type as the value of the switch-expression |
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Break statement |
immediately ends the switch statement |
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default case |
can be used to perform actions when none of the specified cases matches the switch expression |
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executing a single statement at a time |
the debugger allows you to execute one statement at a time so that you can see the effect of each statment |
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tracing into or stepping over a method |
if a method is being executed, you can ask the debugger to enter the method and execute one statement at a time in the method, or you can ask it to step over the entire method you should step over the entire method if you know that the method works |
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setting breakpoints |
you can also set a breakpoint at a specific statement your program pauses when it reaches a breakpoint you can set as many breakpoints as you want breakpoints are particularly useful when you know where your programming error starts you can et a breakpoint at that statement and have the program execute until it reaches the breakpoint |
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displaying variables |
the debugger lets you select several variables and display their values as you trace through a program, the content of a variable is continuously updated |
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displaying call stacks |
the debugger lets you trace all of the method calls
this feature is helpful when you need to see a large picture of the program execution flow |
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modifying variables
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some debuggers enable you to modify the value of the variable when debugging this is convenient when you want to test a program with different samples but do not want to leave the debugger |