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19 Cards in this Set
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Popular Sovereignty |
A doctrine in political theory that government is created by and subject to the will of the people. |
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Voltaire |
French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher famous for his wit and for his advocacy of civil liberties, including freedom of religion, free trade and separation of church and state; The author of Candide |
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John Locke |
English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property. |
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau |
Jean Jacques Rousseau French man who believed that Human beings are naturally good & free & can rely on their instincts. Government should exist to protect common good, and be a democracy |
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The Estates General |
France's traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. |
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National Embassy |
Delegates of the Third Estate declared themselves this and began writing a constitution. |
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Robespierre |
Leading figure of the French Revolution. He lead the National Convention during its most bloodthirsty time |
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Napoleon |
Militaty genius; Overthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. |
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Napoleonic Code |
Set of laws for the whole country. Eliminated many injustices like freedom of speech & press. Reinstated Slavery in Caribbean Colonies because of sugar cane. |
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Toussaint Louverture |
Leader of slave rebellion; led to creation of independent republic of Haiti in 1804 |
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Simon Bolivar |
Creole military officer in northern South America; Goal was to create a federation like that of the United States. |
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Creole Dominance |
Creole elites dominated Brazilian society; They were the principal beneficiaries of independence in Latin America |
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Conservatism |
A political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes |
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Liberalism |
Believed the task of political and social theory was not to stifle change but rather to manage it in the best interests of society. |
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Nationalism |
Belief that the people's loyalty should be to a nation of people who share a common culture or history |
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Zionism |
A movement of European Jews returing to their homeland in Zion (Palestine) to escape anti-semitism |
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Congress of Vienna |
A series of meetings in Vienna, who were called to set up policies to acheive the goal of having a stable continent |
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Cavour and the Unification of Italy |
Combined forces with advocates of independence. In alliance with France, Cavour expelled Austrian authorities from most of norther Italy. Garibaldi led the Unification movement after he took southern Italy. |
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Bismarck and the Unification of Germany |
Bismarck expanded the Prussian army; intentionally provoked 3 wars. Proclaimed himself emperor of the Second Reich which embraced almost all German-speaking peoples |
