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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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True or false. We should assume that all unions are bad for the employers |
False. Unionization may actually improve performance |
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What are three reasons that workers unionize? |
(1) money (2) union workers generally receive more holidays, sick leave, unpaid leave, insurance plan benefits, long term disability benefits. (3) unions also somewhat lessened the impact of downsizings and wage cuts on workers |
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The urge to unionize often boils down to the belief on the part of the workers that is only through ________ that they can get... |
unity their fair share of the pie and also protect themselves from the arbitrary whims of management |
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We can generalize by saying that unions have two sets of aims. What are they? |
(1) union security (2) improved wages, hours, working conditions and benefits for their members |
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Unions work hard for the right to represent a firm's workers and to be the ________ _______ ________ |
exclusive bargaining agents. |
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What are the five types of union security? |
Close shop union shop agency shop preferential shop maintenance of membership arrangement |
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What are closed shops? |
the company can only hire current union members |
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What are union shops? |
The company can hire nonunion people, but they must join the union after a prescribed period and pay dues. |
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What is an agency shop? |
Employees who do not belong to the union still bust pay the union an amount equal to union dues |
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what is a preferential shop? |
union members get preference in hiring |
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What are maintenance of membership arrangement? |
employees do not have to belong to the union. However, union members employed by the firm must maintain membership in the union for the contract period |
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What is right to work? |
a term used to describe state statutory or constitutional provisions banning the requirement of union membership as a condition of employment |
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Right to work laws don't...., but do... |
outlaw unions they do outlaw any form of union security |
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What are the three layers in the structure of the AFL- CIO and most other unions? |
(1) local union, to which they pay dues (2) the local is in turn a single chapter in the national union (3) national federation |
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What are yellow dog contacts? |
whereby management could require nonunion membership as a condition for employment |
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The ________-__________ __________ set the stage for an era in which government encouraged union activity. |
Norris-LaGuardia Act |
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What did the Norris LaGuardia Act do? |
the act guaranteed to each employee the right to bargain collectively free from interference, restaint, or coercion |
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What is the purpose of the National Labor Relations (or Wagner) act? |
banned certain unfair labor practices providing for secret-ballot elections and majority rule for determining whether a firm's employees were to unionize and creating the national labor relations board for enforcing these two provisions |
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The _____ _______ _________ reflected the public's less enthusiastic attitudes toward unions. |
taft hartley acts |
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The Taft Hartley Act amended the Wagner Act with provisions aimed at limiting unions in four ways. What are they? |
(1) by prohibiting unfair union labor practices (2) by enumerating the rights of employees as union members (3) by enumerating the rights of employers (4) by allowing the president of the United States to temporarily bar national emergency strikes. |
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What act protected the rights of employees against their unions? |
taft hartley act |
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The Taft- Hartley Act explicitly gave employers the right to... |
express their views concerning union organization |
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The Taft Hartley act allows the U.S. president to... |
intervene in national security strikes |
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______ ________ ______ are strikes that might imperil national safety and health. |
national emergency strikes. |
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What caused the Landrum- Griffin Act? |
senate investigations revealed unsavory practices on the part of some unions |
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What was the overriding aim of the Landrum- Griffin Act? |
protect union members from possible wrongdoing on the part of their unions |
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What are the five steps of the union drive and election? |
(1) initial contact (2) authorization cards (3) hearing (4) campaign (5) election |
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During the initial contact stage, the union determines the employees'... |
interest in organizing, and establishes an organizing committee |
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What is the objective of initial contact? |
The objective is to educate the committee about the benefits of forming a union, the law and procedures involved in forming a local union and the issues management is likely to raise during a campaign. |
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The law allows union organizers to solicit employees for membership as long as.... |
it does not endanger the performance or safety of the employees |
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What is one way that unions win elections? |
union salting. |
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________ _________ is the placing of union members on nonunion job sites for the purpose of organizing. |
union salting |
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What role does twitter play in unions? |
twitter enables unions to send mass announcements to collective bargaining unit memvers |
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For the union to petition the NLRB for the right to hold an election, it must show... |
that a sizable number of employees may be interested in being organized |
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During the authorization stage, both unions and management typically use ___________ |
propaganda |
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Neither the union or the employer can __________, ________, or ___________ employees |
threaten bribe coerce |
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During the authorization stage unions can picket the company, subject to what three constraints? |
the union must file a petition for an election within 30 days after the start of picketing The firm cannot already be lawfully recognizing another union There cannot have been a valid NLRB election during the past 12 months. |
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After the authorization cards are collected, what three things can occur? |
(1) the employer may choose not to contest union recognition, in which case no hearing is needed and a consent election is held immediately. (2) the employer may choose not to contest the unions right to an election, which in this case no hearing is needed and the parties can stipulate an election. (3) the employer may contest the union's right, in which case it can insist on a hearing to determine those issues. |
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The _______ __________ is one decision to come out of the hearing; it is the group of employees that the union will be authorized to represent and bargain for collectively |
bargaining unit |
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During the campaign that precedes the election, the union and employer.... |
appeal to the employees for their votes |
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Nonemployees can always be barred from soliciting employees during their ______ _________- that is... |
work time when the employee is on duty and not on a break |
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Employers can usually stop employees from soliciting other employees for any purpose if... |
one or both employees are on paid duty time and not on break |
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Most employers can bar nonemployees from the... |
building's interiors and work areas as a right to private property owners. |
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The election itself can be held within _____ to ______ days after the NLRB issues its Decision and Direction of Election |
30 to 60 |
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The election of a union is by ______ _______. |
secret ballot |
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Historically the more workers who vote, the ______ likely the union is to win. |
less |
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What is decertification? |
grants employees the right to terminate legally the union's right to represent them |
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What are the four ways that an employer can lose a NLRB Election? |
(1) executives were unaware of the happenings of their company (2) a committee was formed to manage the campaign (3) they concentrated to much on money and benefits (4) the manager delegated too much to divisions. |
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_______ ______________ is the performance of mutual obligation of the employer and the representative of the employees to meet at reasonable times and confer in food faith with respect to wages, hours, and terms and conditions of employment, and the execution of a written contract incorporating any agreement reached if requested by either party. |
collective bargaining |
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What is good faith bargaining? |
proposals are matched with counterproposals that both parties make every reasonable effort to arrive at an agreement |
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In assessing whether a party has violated its good-faith obligations, it is the _______ _______ _______ by each of the parties that is of prime importance to the NLRB and the courts |
totality of conduct |
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_____ ________ involves going through the motions of bargaining without any real intention of completing a formal agreement |
surface bargaining |
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_____ and ________ means the advancement of proposals is a positive factor in determining overall good faith |
proposals and demands |
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The law requires that the parties meet and confer at ___________ _____ and ________. |
reasonable times and intervals |
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The law does not require management to meet at the time and place dictated by the _____ |
union |
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The law does not require either party to make concessions. However.... |
being willing to compromise during negotiations is a crucial ingredient of good faith bargaining |
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Labor laws sets out ______, ______, and _______ items that are subject to collective bargaining. |
voluntary illegal mandatory |
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_________________ __________ _______ are neither mandatory nor illegal; they become a part of negotiations only through the joint agreement of both management and union |
voluntary bargaining items. |
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________ ______ ______ are forbidden by law. |
illegal bargaining items. |
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What are the five different stages of bargaining? |
(1) each side presents its demands. Both parties are usually quite far apart on some issues. (2) each side trades off some of its demand to gain other, a process called trading points (3) There are subcommittee studies: the parties form joint subcommittees or study groups to try to workout reasonable alternatives. (4) the parties reach and informal settlement, and each group goes back to its sponsor. (5) when everything is in order, sign a formal agreement. |
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Signing the agreement assumes that there are no insurmountable disagreements. If there are, the parties may instead declare an ________. |
impasse |
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The parties must get past the _____ for the contract to be agreed on and signed. |
impasse |
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Why does and impasse occur? |
one party demands more than the other offers. |
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Opposing parties use three types of third part interventions to overcome an impasse. What are they? |
mediation fact finding arbitration |
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During _______a neutral third party tries to assist the principals in reaching agreements |
mediation |
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A _____ _________ is a neutral party. He or she studies the issues and makes a public recommendation of what a reasonable settlement ought to be. |
fact finder |
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What is the most definitive type of third party intervention? |
arbitration |
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Explain arbitration. |
the arbitrator has the power to decide and dictate settlement terms. |
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Unlike mediation and fact finding, arbitration... |
can guarantee a solution to an impasse. |
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What is the difference between binding and nonbinding arbitration? |
With binding arbitration both parties are committed to accepting the arbitrator's award. With nonbinding arbitration they are not |
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An impasse may cause a _________ which is the withdrawl of labor. |
strike |
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What is an economic strike. |
results from a failure to agree on the terms of a contract |
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A ___________ _______ _______ _____ protests illegal conduct by the employer |
unfair labor practice strike |
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What is a wildcat strike? |
unauthorized strike occurring during the term of a contract |
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A _____ ______ occurs when one union strikes in support of the strike of another. |
sympathy |
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What is the purpose of picketing? |
to inform the public about the existence of the labor dispute and often to encourage others to refrain from doing business with the employer against whom the employees are striking. |
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What four things can an employer do as a response to strike? |
(1) halt their operations until the strike is over. (2) contract out work during the duration f the strike in order to blunt the effects of the strike on the employer (3) the employer continues operations, perhaps using other supervisors and nonstriking workers. (4) hire replacements for the workers. |
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_____ ______ are the unions efforts to convince employees to impede or to disrupt production |
inside games. |
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What is a lockout? |
refusal by the employer to provide opportunities to work |
