Chapter 11- Moral Development

Front 1

morality

Back 1

Knowing the difference between what is right and wrong and acting on that knowledge. Morality includes reasoning, emotions, and behavior.

Front 2

Moral Reasoning

Back 2

The cognitive component of morality; the ways people think about right and wrong.

Front 3

Perspective talking

Back 3

The ability to understand the psychological perspective, motives, and needs of others; central to the development of moral reasoning, altruism, and aggression.

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Preconventional Level

Back 4

A level of moral reasoning at which the rules of others are accepted without thinking about their origin, context, or flexibility.

Front 5

Conventional level

Back 5

A level of moral reasoning at which rules are followed to maintain personal social standing or the social order as a whole.

Front 6

Postconventional Level

Back 6

A level of moral reasoning based on protection of rights or self-chosen, abstract ethical principles.

Front 7

Conscience

Back 7

A sense of right and wrong

Front 8

Inductive Parenting

Back 8

Parenting that emphasizes the physical and emotional effects of a child's behavior on others, tells children how they should behave, and helps them understand the reasons for parents' expectations.

Front 9

Empathy

Back 9

Understanding another person's emotion and feeling the same or similar emotion.

Front 10

Moral Behavior

Back 10

The degree to which a person acts in accordance with moral rules when actually faced with a situation that requires a choice.

Front 11

Aggression

Back 11

Behavior intended to harm people or property; can be instrumental, hostile, or relational.

Front 12

Bullying

Back 12

Ongoing verbal or physical aggression that is aimed at particular victims and that involves an imbalance of power.

Front 13

Conduct Problems

Back 13

A general category of rule-breaking behaviors that range from frequent bouts of whining, yelling, and temper tantrums to the more severe and dangerous forms of aggression and destructiveness.

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Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Back 14

A condition that involves a repetitive pattern of defiance, disobedience, and hostility toward authority figures

Front 15

Conduct Disorder

Back 15

A condition that involves consistent violations of other people's basic rights or the breaking of major societal rules

Front 16

Adolescent-limited Delinquency

Back 16

A pattern of delinquent behavior that begins during adolescence and does not continue into adulthood

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Life-course persistent pattern

Back 17

A pattern of antisocial and delinquent behavior form childhood and continuing into adulthood

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gangs

Back 18

Enduring groups of peers involved in deviant behaviors and identified by name and common symbols.

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Substance use

Back 19

Ingesting on more than a few occasions any substance that alters psychological functioning.

Front 20

Substance Abuse

Back 20

The use of a substance that alters psychological functioning to the extent that it creates difficulties in day-to-day life.

Front 21

Sexually transmitted diseases

Back 21

A disease transmitted primarily through sexual contact

Front 22

Contraception

Back 22

Methods such as condoms and birth control pills used to prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases.

Front 23

Positive youth development

Back 23

a view of development that emphasizes how the developing child and his or her context interact to produce positive developmental outcomes.

Front 24

Developmental assests

Back 24

Aspects of the child or the environment or experiences that child has that help the child thrive.

Front 25

Prosocial Reasoning

Back 25

Children's thought processes about helping others; specifically, their reasons for deciding whether to help another person.

Front 26

Altruism

Back 26

Voluntary behavior that is motivated by concern for another or by internal values and goals, not by the expectation of external rewards or punishment.

Front 27

Religiosity

Back 27

An individuals relationship with a particular religion and their subjective interpretation of the religion's beliefs, rules, and guidelines

Front 28

Spirituality

Back 28

An individual's search for meaning and purpose, a way of contributing to a greater good, and a sense of contentedness with something greater than the self.