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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Friedman might condone actions that support the environment if ________. a) shareholders are typically in favour of such an action b) corporations have social responsibilities c) it enhances the bottom line d) it goes over and beyond the law |
C |
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The tragedy of the commons concerns all of the following except ________. a) the fate of commonly held property or resources b) a situation where land held in common is not properly respected by anyone c) freeloading on a grand scale d) opportunism that is harmless to all |
D |
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The humanistic argument of the environment ________. a) suggests that humanity is enriched by animals b) demands that we use the planet’s resources as we need them c) emphasizes the intrinsic value of nature d) is anthropocentric |
D |
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According to Williams Blackstone, ________. a) property rights override the right to a livable environment b) everyone has a right to livable environment c) economic considerations, and jobs in particular, should trump rights to a clean environment d) people have no obligation to allow the free enjoyment of a livable environment |
B |
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Environmental ethicists contend that placing a humanistic value on the environment is not thebest way to protect the environment because ________. a) the protection of the environment would be dependent on the profitability of responsiblepractices b) the environment has instrumental value c) it is better to institute the idea that “good ethics is good business” d) humans are not as important as animals to the future of the planet |
A |
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All of the following are elements of Peter Singer’s stance on the environment except ________. a) animals should be treated equally with humans b) the interests of animals should receive equal consideration c) animals deserve consideration because they are sentient d) speciesism is in the same category as racism |
A |
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By the “just savings principle,” John Rawls meant ________. a) future generations are not yet born and so have no claims on our savings b) we owe it to future generations to leave the world no worse than we found it c) we owe it to future generations to make the world a better place than we found it d) we must ensure that our generation saves the human species |
B |
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Michael Crichton’s argument against Rachel Carson’s work Silent Spring is that ________. a) Rachel Carson had her science wrong b) jobs should always trump the environment c) ideology should not trump science d) Rachel Carson is anti-environmentalist |
C |
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In the dispute between Shell and Greenpeace, all of the following are true except ________. a) Greenpeace launched a campaign against Shell that included boycotts, demonstrations, andpublicity offensives b) Greenpeace was wrong c) Shell dumped 5,000 gallons of waste oil into the North Sea d) Shell moved the Brent Spar oil rig to Norway for breakup and disposal |
C) |
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The lasting value of Rachel Carson’s warnings is ________. a) the danger of knee-jerk responses made on the basis of ideology b) where irreversible damage may be done to the environment it is best to act rather than waitfor the scientific evidence to be accumulated and analyzed c) DDT was bad for the environment d) the environment can recover from all human interference |
B |
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The precautionary principle changes the onus of responsibility by ________. a) saying that business may act if there is no scientific proof demonstrating harm b) demanding that businesses prove that the activity is not dangerous, even if scientific proof isabsent c) letting business off the hook in cases where there is strong legislation d) ignoring potential environmental impacts unless the government steps in to stop it |
B |
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An unintended consequence of the precautionary principle is that ________. a) it would divert money from other public priorities b) it would lead to the introduction and implementation of regulations c) it would impact productivity and wages d) all of the above |
D |
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The Green Challenge was ________. a) designed to challenge governments whose environmental record was lax b) a challenge by governments to force business to go green c) a voluntary agreement designed forestall government action d) a tax on businesses designed to encourage them go green |
C |
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An example of a HADD policy is ________. a) the dredging of the harbor in Sydney, Nova Scotia b) labelling genetically modified foods c) McDonalds’ switch from polystyrene to paper wrapping d) the banning of DDT |
A |
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Extraction from the oil sands ________. a) is less expensive and labour intensive than conventional drilling b) is closely monitored by the Canadian federal government c) produces half of Alberta’s greenhouse gases d) requires 4.5 barrels of water to produce one barrel of oil |
D |
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Because the environment does not belong to anyone this means that environmental abuse doesnot violate people’s rights. |
F |
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Justice demands that prices of goods and services include social costs, not just private costs. |
T |
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According to William Blackstone, property rights should always override our rights to a cleanenvironment. |
F |
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Placing a humanistic value on the environment is the best way to protect the environment. |
F |
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Economic growth does not always bring with it a corresponding increase in employment anddecrease in poverty |
T |
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The precautionary principle involves a higher standard than the law. |
T |
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In the Brent Spar case, it was the emotional atmosphere involved in discussing these issues thathelped to bring about a successful outcome. |
F |
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In Canada it is not possible to label industrial wastes as fertilizer or as organic. |
F |
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Genetically modified crops are not a good candidate for the precautionary principle. |
F |
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In the case of Alcoa Emissions, the problem was that they didn’t have in place an environmental devil’s advocate. |
T |
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The Global Reporting Initiative is an example of triple bottom line reporting. |
T |
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The precautionary principle is an amber light to technology. |
T |
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The Ok Tedi case is a classic case of sound decision-making. |
F |
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The Canadian approach to environmental policy is one of focusing on environmental issues sectorally. |
T |
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The main emphasis of the Brundtland Report has been economic growth. |
F |
