Ming Ming Ch 5 Counseling

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Termed and described clinical counseling

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Williamson

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Consists of one process and one treatment. Allows the counselor to give the counselee information about himself, his opportunities, and his problems (tendency of counselor to focus first on attention upon counselee's problem.

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Directive or Clinical Counseling

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This is collecting, summarizing and organizing facts about the client

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Clinical Analysis

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Refers to formulating hypothesis on the causes of problem

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Diagnosis

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This is predicting the development of the problem

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Prognosis

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The counselor and counselee talk and discuss the problem by means of leading questions . (For development of insight)

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Counseling

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Differ from directive method. Leaves the direction of the counseling situation largely in the hands of counselee with the counselor limiting his participation (focused on client expressing their feelings rather than upon intellectual content of what he says

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Non Directive Counseling (Client Centered)

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One of the most widely used humanistic therapies. According to this theory, all human beings are basically decent and good. (Not nurtured, lack of supportive environment thus making them full of hate )

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Person Centered Counseling (Carl Rogers)

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Middle of the road approach, this employs the tools and techniques of both directive and non directive counselor (more on directivist)

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Eclectic Counseling Method

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This is done through orientation

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Teaching Groups

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May take many forms like lecture sessions where the leader talks a great deal. (Informal discussion is when students actively participates)

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Discussion group

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This method is done through administering test, reading materials, and practicing explanations

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Laboratory Method

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When it is desirable to bring about changes in personal insight and orientation. In this method, group members are allowed to discuss whatever they wish.

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Group Psychotherapy

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A dynamic interpersonal process focusing on conscious thoughts and behavior. Involves therapy function of permissiveness, orientation to reality, catharsis, mutual trust, caring, understanding, acceptance and support

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Group Counseling

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The common problem models breaks down feelings of isolation and replaces them with feeling of belongingness and mutuality

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Mutual Support

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Enables members to create a more empathetic climate and greater insight for each other

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Empathy and Insight

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Distribute the responsibilities so the real concerns can be discussed and real movement will occur.

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Focus and direction

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In this model, counselors will be a role model for the members and they will be the counselors for them

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Case Centered Model

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When the members function as client, they learn how to deal with several helping persons

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Multiple Helping Relationship

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When the group becomes laboratory in which attitudes and perceptions are tested and tempered

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Divergent perceptions and attitudes

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As members present their cases, social learning occurs in all members

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Individual Centered focus

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It is an interaction of the group with other kinds of counseling or therapy groups (members talk about fears, problems and always on positive potential of members)

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Human Resources group model

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One member will be the center of the group attention for a particular session.

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Multiple strength perception method

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The entire group works together, may begin with art or dancing lessons

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Action

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The counselor acts consistently as an observer and interpreter of behavior and systematically analyzes and feeds back to the group the clinical significance of their behavior

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Transactional Group model

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It is called pastime, they are PTA and psychiatry

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Directive Transaction

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Others called these "games"

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Indirect and self deceptive transactions

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When a member is confronted with a problem, his response is "what can you expect of a man with a wooden leg? "

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Wooden Leg Game

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Considered an approach to changing human behavior by facilitating human development based on the assumption (clients are capable of choosing the desired direction)

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Developmental Counseling

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Conceptualizes human behavior in a kind of onion skin analogy. Goal is a remediative adjustive therapeutic outcome

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Psychotherapy

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Conceptualizes human behavior by peeling away outer layers of the skin (goal is educative developmental preventive )

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Counseling

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Refers to process of studying the etiology of human effectiveness particularly the causes of effective behavior and development

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Human Effectiveness Models

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An equilibrium between inner needs and outside forces

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Homeostasis

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Need of the organism for self actualization

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Differentiation

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Role of individual from infancy to old age is constant in the process of entering new roles and casting aside old ones

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Social Roles

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Behaviors relevant to an active person

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Coping Behaviors

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Consists of insuring that each individual has an opportunity to master tasks that equip him with coping behaviors necessary for development

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Developmental task

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Identity is the sense of belonging to or harmony with, or caring about other individual, groups and ideas

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Identity formation

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A model of group interactions based upon group dynamics. It is a group of human beings put in structured and ambiguous situations

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T group model