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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are chromosomes? |
Collections of genes (genetic instructions) that come in pairs. |
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What are stem cells? |
Undifferentiated cells with the potential to form a wide variety of different cell types. |
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What is differentiation? |
Differentiation is the process where cells become specialised for a particular function. |
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What are embryonic stem cells? |
From an early aged embryo, the cells can differentiate to form specialised cells of the body. |
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What are adult stem cells? |
Stem cells from adults that can differentiate and form a limited number of cells. |
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Give two definitions of cell growth. |
- An increase in individual cell volume/size (cells get bigger) - An increase in cell number by asexual reproduction (Mitosis) |
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What a parent cell it divides, what is the product? |
Two daughter cells |
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What happens in interphase? |
The DNA replicates to form two identical copies of each chromosome and also the synthesis of new sub-cellular structures. |
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What is stage 1 of cell division called? |
Interphase |
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What happens simply in stage 2 (Mitosis) of cell division? |
Nucleus divides. |
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What is stage 2 of cell division called? |
Mitosis |
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What is stage 3 of cell division called? |
Cytokinesis |
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What happens during cytokinesis? |
The cell divides in two. |
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Describe in detail the four points of cell division. |
- Each chromosome is replicated. - Nuclear membrane breaks down and they copied chromosomes line up in the centre. - The nucleus divides and the copies separate to each end of the cell. - Cytokinesis; the cytoplasm, cell membrane and organelles divide. |
