C# For Unity - Beginner Concepts

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enum setName { item1, item2, ... itemN };

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This data type allows you to create a collection of related constants.

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CancelInvoke( "functionName" );

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This function aborts the next scheduled Invoke call of the named function.

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Invoke( "functionName", timeDelay );

InvokeRepeating( "functionName", timeDelay, intervalTime );

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This function calls another void function after a specified delay time in seconds.

A related function performs the same action, but repeatedly, with the interval duration in seconds passed to it as an additional parameter.

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type[] arrayName = new type[ range ];

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This data type contains a set of variables whose range is defined when it is declared.

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instanceName Instantiate( objectType );

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This function returns a copy of the named object and places that copy in the scene.

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public class Name : type

{

...

}

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This object type behaves as a template function that defines a set of variables and behaviors.

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Time.deltaTime

Time.fixedDeltaTime

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This function returns the elapsed time since the last Update() call.

A related function returns the elapsed time since the last FixedUpdate() call.

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GetComponent< componentName >();

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This function returns a component from another game object.

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foreach( type identifier in expression )

{

...

}

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This loop iterates through each item in a set of variables (i.e., an array), and ends when reaching the end of the set.

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type name = value;

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Variable declaration syntax.

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type name ( parameter name )

{

...

return [ expression ];

}

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Function declaration syntax.

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Nation.city.street

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Dot operators call specific elements from within larger objects.

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if ( condition1 == true )

{ ... }

else if ( condition2 == true )

{ ... }

else

{ ... }

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This statement evaluates a condition and executes instructions if that condition is true. A related statement will execute instructions if that condition is false.

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while ( condition1 == true )

{

...

}

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This loop first evaluates a condition and then executes instructions repeatedly as long as that condition remains true.

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for ( int a = 0; a < 5; a++ )

{

...

}

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This loop initializes, iterates, and evaluates a condition all passed to it as its declarative parameters, and then executes a set of instructions a number of times determined by those parameters.

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do

{

...

} while ( condition == true );

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This loop executes instructions repeatedly as long as a condition evaluated at the end of those instructions remains true.

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Start()

{

...

}

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This function calls when the game object it is attached to is created in the scene.

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OnMouseDown()

{

...

}

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This function is called when the user presses the mouse button while over the GUI element or active collision object it is attached to.

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Input.GetAxis( "axisName" )

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This function returns a float value between -1 and 1 defined by the named axis (Horizontal or Vertical) .

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Input.GetKeyDown( "keyName" )

Input.GetKeyUp( "keyName" )

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This function returns true the first frame the user presses the named key.

A related function returns true the first frame the user releases the named key.

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Input.GetKey( "keyName" )

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This function returns true as long as the user holds down the named key.

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Input.GetButtonDown( "buttonName" )

Input.GetButtonUp( "buttonName" )

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This function returns true the first frame the named button (as defined in the Input Manager) is pressed.

A related function returns true the first frame the named button is released.

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Destroy( targetName, delayTime );

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This function removes from the scene the named object or component, with an optional delay time in seconds passed to it as a second parameter.

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Mathf.Lerp( value1, value2, percentageValue );

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This function interpolates between two numerical values based on a percentage value passed as the third parameter.

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transform.LookAt( targetName );

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This transform flag orients the object calling it at the named target.

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transform.Rotate( Vector3value );

transform.Translate( Vector3value );

transform.Scale( Vector3value );

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These functions spin, move, or resize the object along the x, y, and z, axes, as determined by the Vector3 value passed to it.

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myObject.activeSelf

myObject.activeInHierarchy

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This function returns true or false based on whether or not the object calling it is active in the scene.

A related function returns true or false based on whether or not the object's parent hierarchy is active in the scene.

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gameObject.setactive( trueOrFalse );

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This function applied to an object will toggle it between active or inactive in the scene, based on the parameter passed to it.

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component.enabled = trueOrFalse;

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This function applied to an object's component will toggle it between active or inactive in the scene, based on the value assigned to it.

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FixedUpdate()

{

...

}

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This function is called every physics step at fixed intervals, independent from the frame rate.

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Update()

{

...

}

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This function is called once per frame. Cannot be used for physics objects.

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Awake()

{

...

}

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This function calls the moment the object is loaded, regardless of whether or not the object is active in the scene.

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switch( var )

{

case a: ... break;

case b: ... break;

default: ... break;

}

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This conditional statement allows you to compare a single variable against a series of constants, and is useful for choosing between several outcomes.