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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Outline and explain the steps of Koch's postulates.
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1) The pathogen must be found in the host in every case of the disease. 2)The pathogen must be isolated from the host and grown in pure culture. 3)When the pathogen from the pure culture is placed in a healthy host, it must cause the disease. 4)The pathogen must be isolated from the new host and be shown to be the original pathogen
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What are the major reservoirs of pathogens?
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humans, animals, soil, and water
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List the different ways in which pathogens are transmitted.
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direct contact, through contaminated air, water, or inanimate object, or by a vector
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How do pathogens, such as some bacteria and viruses, cause disease symptoms?
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Disease symptoms are often caused by bacterial toxin or death of body tissue.
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Sometimes patients contract a secondary infection while in the hospital. What possible ways could a disease be transmitted to a hospital patient?
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by direct contact with employees or patients, through contaminated object, or by airborne transmission
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Design an experiment that could determine whether a recently identified bacterium causes a type of pneumonia.
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Grow suspected organisms in a pure culture, then inject them into another host. If that host develops the same disease, the organisms probably caused it. To be sure, isolate the organisms and compare with the original organisms.
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disease-producing agents such as bacteria, protozoans, fungi, viruses, and other parasites.
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pathogen
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any disease caused by pathogens in the body.
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infectious disease
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experimental steps relating a specific pathogen to a specific disease.
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Koch's postulates
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disease that is constantly present in a population
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endemic disease
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occurs when many people in a given area are afflicted with the same disease at about the same time
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epidemic
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substances produced by a microorganism that, in small amounts, will kill or inhibit growth and reproduction of other microorganisms.
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antibiotic
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