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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Law of Dominance and Recessiveness? |
Dominant will show (a mask) over recessive |
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Law of Independent Assortment? |
genetic variation - crossover |
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Law of Segregation? |
each child only gets 1 possible allele in anaphase 1 |
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Dominant? |
masks the effects of another allele; designated by an uppercase letter |
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Recessive? |
effects are hidden by a dominant allele; designated by a lowercase letter |
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Alleles? |
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by a mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome |
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Test Cross? |
a genetic cross between a homozygous recessive individual and a corresponding suspected heterozygote to determine the genotype of the latter. |
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What is the 1st law of probability? |
not influenced by past |
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The 2nd? |
the probability of two chance events occurring together is the multiplication product of their separate probabilities |
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9:3:3:1 - Ex: AaBb x. AaBb |
Heterozygous Pairs 9 - dom/dom 3 - dom/rec 3 - rec/dom 1 - rec/rec |
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1:2:1 - Ex: Gg x. Gg |
Heterozygous Pairs |
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AABB x. aabb |
heterozygous offspring |
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What are some traits about a Autosomal Dominant Pedigree? |
- Males and females are equally likely to have the trait - Traits DO NOT skip generations - Two affected parents can have unaffected children |
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What are some traits about a Autosomal Recessive Pedigree? |
- Males and Females are equally likely to have a trait - Trait often skips generations - Only Homozygous individuals have the trait - Parents who have children with the trait must be heterozygous - If a parent has the trait, their offspring who do not have it are heterozygous for the trait - unaffected parents can have affected children |
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What happens in Anaphase 1 and 2? |
1- reduction division 2- sister chromatids part |
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What happens in Prophase 1? |
chromosomes start to appear |
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What happens in Metaphase 1 and 2? |
1 - homologous chromosomes line up 2 - chromatids split |
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What happens in Telophase 1? |
two new cells (cytokenesis) |
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What happens in Cytokenisis 2? |
4 haploid cells are produced |
