Biol 1406 Chapter 7

Front 1

Components of the Plasma Membrane

Back 1

Phospholipids and Proteins

Front 2

Types of lipids found in Plasma Membrane

Back 2

Phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids

Front 3

Factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?

Back 3

The presence of cholesterol in the plasma membranes of some animals enables the membrane to stay fluid more easily when cell temperature drops.

The following factor would tend to increase membrane fluidity: a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids

Front 4

Integral Membrane protein

Back 4

Amphipathic - hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer, often completely spanning the membrane

Front 5

Peripheral Membrane Protein

Back 5

Hidrophilic - Are not embedded in the lipid bilayer at all. Instead, they are loosely bound to the surface of the protein, often connected to integral proteins.

Front 6

Glycoproteins Function

Back 6

Glycoproteins are proteins that have sugar molecules attached to them

Glycoproteins help cells recognize each other

Front 7

Membrane structure results in selective permeability

Back 7

Osmosis(special diffusion) - The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Small hydrophobic molecules pass easily through the membrane

Front 8

Passive transport

Back 8

The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane with no expenditure of energy

Front 9

Diffusion(Passive transport)

Back 9

The spontaneous movement of a substance down its concentration gradient, from a region where it is more concentrated to a region where it is less concentrated.

Front 10

Facilitaded Diffusion(Passive transport)

Back 10

The spontaneous passage of molecules or ions across a biological membrane with the assistance of specific transmembrane transport proteins.

Ex: aquaporins

Front 11

Passive Processes(Passive transport)

Back 11

The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane with no expenditure of energy

Front 12

Active Transport

Back 12

The movement of a substance across a cell membrane, with an expenditure of energy, against its concentration or electrochemical gradient.

Front 13

Phagocytosis

Back 13

A type of endocytosis in which large particulate substances are taken up by a cell. It is carried out by some protists

Front 14

Pinocytosis

Back 14

A type of endocytosis in which the cell ingests extracellular fluid and its dissolved solutes

Front 15

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Back 15

The movement of specific molecules into a cell by the inward budding of membranous vesicles containing proteins with receptor sites specific to the molecules being taken in; enables a cell to acquire bulk quantities of specific substances

Front 16

Hypotonic solution

Back 16

Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water; cell swell

Front 17

Hypertonic solution

Back 17

Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water; cell shrink

Front 18

Isotonic solution

Back 18

Solute concentration is the same as that inside the cell; no net water movement across the plasma membrane

Front 19

Turgor pressure

Back 19

The water pressure inside plant cells

Front 20

Tonicity (ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water) for animal cell

Back 20

Isotonic

Front 21

Tonicity for plants cell (ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water) for plant cell

Back 21

Hypotonic

Front 22

Membrane potential

Back 22

is the voltage across a membrane, the result of the separation of opposite charges. Maintened by electrogenic pumps