Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
time {command} |
Will tell you how long the system took to execute the {command} command. |
|
pwd |
Displays the current working directory. |
|
set |
Used to customize the shell options for the Linux shell. |
|
exec {program} |
Used to execute a command when you want the command to replace the shell process. When the program terminates if will terminate the shell. |
|
./{program} |
Will run a program {program} inside of your current working directory. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+R |
Allows you to search the .history file. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+S |
Searches forward in the command history. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+G |
Terminates the search function (Esc does the same thing). |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+P |
Does the same thing as the up arrow. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+N |
Does the same thing as the down arrow. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+A |
Move cursor to start of line. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+E |
Move cursor to end of line. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+B |
Move backward within a line. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+F |
Move forward within a line. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+D |
Deletes characters and moves down the line.
|
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+K |
Deletes the entire line. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+X+Backspace |
Deletes all characters from cursor's current position back. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Ctrl+T |
Transpose text - move characters down the line. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Esc+c |
Converts the letter above the cursor to uppercase. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: Esc+u |
Converts the entire word above the cursor to uppercase. |
|
Shell Shortcuts: history -c |
Will clear all of your history. Good for trying to hide command line passwords entered. |
|
Shell Customization: User |
Each user home directory contains .bashrc and .profile as the main configuration files in bash. |
|
Shell Customization: Global |
/etc/profile and /etc/bash.bashrc are the global customizations for all user shells. |
|
export |
Used to set environmental variables at the command line (export VARIABLE={whatever}) |
|
env |
Used to view all environmental variables. |
|
unset |
Used to delete an environmental variable (unset {VARIABLE NAME}) |
|
Redirection Operators: <> |
Specified file will be used for standard input and standard output. |
|
Redirection Operators: << |
Takes text as standard input. |
|
Redirection Operators: &> |
Creates a new file (or overwrites existing) for both standard output and standard error. |
|
Redirection Operators: 2>> |
Appends standard error to an already existing file. If the file does not exist it is created. |
|
Redirection Operators: 2> |
Creates or overwrites a file for standard error. |
|
Redirection Operators: >> |
Appends standard output to a file or creates the file if it does not currently exist. |
|
Redirection Operators: > |
Creates a new file or overwrites an existing file for standard output. |
|
Data Pipes: I |
A pipe will redirect the first program's standard output to the second program's standard input. |
|
tee |
Used to read from standard input and write to standard output and files (program | tee file.txt). |
|
xargs |
Build and execute command lines from standard input. Example: ls | grep test | xargs rm (will remove all files named test in the folder). |
|
cat |
Concatenate (combine) files. |
|
cat -n |
Number the lines of a file. |
|
join |
Used to join lines of two files on a common field. |
|
join -t {character} |
Use {character} as input and output field separator.
|
|
join -1 {field} |
Join on this field of file 1.
|
|
join -2 {field} |
Join on this field of file 2. |
|
join -i |
Ignore case when using the join command. |
|
paste |
Merge lines of files. |
|
expand |
Convert tabs to spaces. |
|
od |
Dump files in octal and other formats. |
|
sort |
Sort lines of text files. By default the sort command uses the first field. You can use -k option, separated by commas to change what field it sorts on. |
|
split |
Split a file into pieces. Example: split -l 2 file1.txt name (splits the file.txt file every two lines and places them in files starting with name (namea, nameb, namec) for number of lines by 2. |
|
tr |
Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input, writing to standard output. Example: tr test blah < file.txt (replaces all the words 'test' to 'blah' in the file, and displays to standard output). |
|
unexpand |
Convert spaces to tabs. |
|
uniq |
Report or omit repeated lines. |
|
nl |
Print number of lines in a file |
|
head |
Output the first part of a file; echoes first 10 lines of the file by default. |
|
head -c |
Specify the number of bytes to view at the beginning of a file. |
|
head -n |
Specify the number of lines to view at the beginning of a file. |
|
tail |
Output the last part of a file; echoes the last 10 lines of the file by default. |
|
tail -c |
Specify the number of bytes to view at the end of a file. |
|
tail -n |
Specify the number of lines to view at the end of a file. |
|
less |
Used to page through files. |
|
cut |
Print selected parts of lines from each file to standard output. |
|
wc |
Word count of a selected file. |
|
sed |
A stream editor, used to perform basic text transformations on an input stream (a file or input from a pipeline). While in some ways similar to an editor which permits scripted edits (such as ed), sed works by making only one pass over the input(s), and is consequently more efficient. |
|
$FCEDIT $EDITOR |
Environment variables that define the default text editors. |