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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define population |
A population is all the organisms of one species in a habitat. |
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Define community |
Populations of different species in a habitat make up a community. |
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What is zonation? |
Zonation is the gradual change in the distribution of species across a habitat. |
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Plants need three main minerals? What are they ? |
Nitrates, potassium and phosphates. |
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What is osmosis? |
Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a lower water concentration. |
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What is diffusion? |
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
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What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis? |
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How do you work out population size ? |
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What is an ecosystem?
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An ecosystem is all the organisms living in a particular area, as well as all the non living conditions e.g. temperature, salinity and soil quantity.
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Why are ecosystems self supporting?
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They are self supporting because they contain almost everything they need to maintain themselves. Water, nutrients and essential elements like carbon get recycled within the ecosystem.
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The only thing that's needed from the outside the ecosystem is what?
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An energy source and this is normally the sun
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What is distribution?
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Distribution is where organisms are found within a particular area
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How can you investigate distribution ?
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You can invest distribution using lines called transects
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How do you do a transect?
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To do a transect, you mark out a line using a tape measure and place quadrats next to each other all the way along the line. You count and record the organisms you find in the quadrats.
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What does a kite diagram show?
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A kite diagram shows the distribution and abundance of organisms along a transect in coastal sand dunes.
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How is the abundance shown on a kite diagram?
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It is shown by the thickness of the kite shape.
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What are abiotic factors ?
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Abiotic factors are al non living, physical factors in an environment - e.g. light, temperature and oxygen
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What happens in zone 2? |
In zone 2, lichens and mosses grow. They are better adapted to less saline conditions |
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What happens in zone 3? |
In zone 3, shrubs such as heather and gorse can grow and they out compete the lichens and mosses. |
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What happens in zone 4? |
In zone 4, trees such as birch and oak can grow. They are better adapted to the very low salinity and deep soil. |
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What is biodiversity? |
Biodiversity is a measure of the variety of life in an area |
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What 3 points do biodiversity include ? |
1. The amount of variation between individuals of the same species 2. The number of different species in an area 3. The number of different habitats in an area |
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How many stages are there in photosynthesis ? |
Two |
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What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis? |
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
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What are the two stages for photosynthesis? |
First, the light energy is used to split water into oxygen gas and hydrogen ions. Then carbon dioxide gas then combines with the hydrogen ions to make glucose and water. |
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Glucose is coverted into other substances, what ? |
Respiration - this releases energy so they can convert the rest of the glucose into various other useful substances. Stored in seeds- glucose is turned into lipids for storing in seeds. Making proteins- glucose is combined with nitrates to make amino acids. Making cells walls- it is covered into cellulose for making cells walls. Stored ad starch- glucose is turned into starch and stored in roots ready for when photosynthesis is not happening. |
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What is diffusion?
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Diffusion is the NET MOVEMENT of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
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What does the rate of diffusion depend on?
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1. distance- substances diffuse more quickly when they haven't as far to move. 2. concentration- substances diffuse faster if there's a big difference in the concentration. 3. surface area- the more surface there is available for molecules to move across, the faster they can get from one side to the other. |
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What are phloem tubes?
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They are made of columns of living cells with perforated end plates to allow stuff to flow through. They transport food substances.
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What are xylem vessels?
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They are made up of dead cells joined end to end with no end walls between them and a hole down the middle. They carry water and minerals.
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What does partially preamble membrane mean?
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A membrane with very small holes in
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what are the two types of transport in a plant?
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Phloem and xylem
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What do phloem tubes transport?
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food
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What do xylem tubes transport?
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water
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