Atomic Structure Chemistry Vocabulary

Front 1

The weighted average of the atomic masses of tge naturally occurring isotopes of an element.

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Atomic Mass

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The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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Atomic number

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The radiation associated with an electric and magnetic feild (varies periodically and travels at the speed of light.)

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Electromagnetic radiation

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All of thd frequencys or wavelengths of an electromagnetic radiation

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Electromagnetic spectrum

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The arrangement of electrons in an atom

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Electron configuration

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A state in which an atom has more than it does at its ground state

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Excited state

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The number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time;also the number of waves produced in a given amount of time.

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Frequency

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The lowest energy state of a quantized system

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Ground state

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A verticle column of elements in the periodic table; elements in a group share chemical properties

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Group

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This states that for an atom in the ground state, the number of unpaired electrons is the maximum possible and these unpaired electrons havs the same spin.

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Hund's rule

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An atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms od the same element do, but that has a different number of neutrons.

- or -

Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons

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Isotope

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This states that a chemical compound always contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by weight or mass

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Law of definite composition

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The sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons that make of the nucleus of an atom

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Mass number

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Found in the center of an atom and contains the protons and neutrons

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Nucleus

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A region in an atom where there is high probability of finding electrons

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Orbital

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A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

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Period

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The study of the structure and behavior of the atom and of subatomic particles from the view that all energy comes in tiny, indivisible bundles

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Quantum theory

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The smallest particle of an element that has the chemical properties of the element

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Atom

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A positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom

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Proton

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An uncharged particle found in the nucleus of an atom

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Nuetron

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Negatively charged particles that move around the outiside of the nucleus of the atom on the orbital

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Electron

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An outer shell electron that is associated with an atom

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Valence electron

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This is how light is measured. The distance between two peaks of a wave.

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Wavelength