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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is schizophrenia?
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group of disorders affecting thinking, behavior, emotions, reality perception
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What does "psychosis" refer to?
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presence of hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, or catatonic behavior.
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What is the typical age of onset?
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Late teens & early twenty's. However, may begin in later adulthood.
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What are some co-morbidities of schizophrenia?
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Substance abuse, nicotine abuse, depression, Suicide Ideation (SI), anxiety disorders
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DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria
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Two or more of the following during a 1 month period:
hallucinations delusions disorganized speech grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior negative symptoms *** One or more major areas of social or occupational dysfunction exists *** Continuous signs persist for at least 6 months *** Signs and symptoms do not result directly from substance abuse *** Delusions/hallucinations must be present if pervasive developmental disorder exists |
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What are some diagnostic studies/tests to help diagnose schizophrenia?
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PET scans, CT scans, MRIs, & neurotransmitter studies
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Define positive symptoms.
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Most easily identified & typical of schizophrenia.
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Define negative symptoms.
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More difficult to treat and less typical behavior.
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List positive symptoms
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Hallucinations
Delusions Disorganized speech Bizarre behavior (walking backwards for an extended period, etc...) |
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List negative symptoms
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Flat/blunted affect
Alogia (no logic) Avolition (no volition/drive) Anhedonia (no pleasure) Anergia (no energy) |
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What is a flat affect?
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Never changing facial expression.
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What is a blunt affect?
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Narrow range of normal expressions
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What is alogia?
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Lack of logic. Client will mumble or respond vaguely to questions; poverty of thought or speech
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What is avolition?
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Lack of volition. Lack of motivation in activities and hygiene. Will do one chore when asked, however, will not go on to next chore without prompting
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What is anhedonia?
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No hedonism! Lack of pleasure/joy. Indifference to things that typically make others happy - beautiful scenery, accomplishments
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What is anergia?
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Lack of energy
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Define cognitive symptoms
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Problems with thinking making it very difficult for the client to function normally.
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What are the depressive symptoms.
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Hopelessness; suicidal ideation
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What are the cognitive symptoms?
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Disordered thinking
Inability to make decisions Poor problem solving ability Difficulty concentrating to perform tasks Memory deficits - Long term memory; Working memory (can't find an address from given instructions) |
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What are the different schizophrenia types?
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Paranoid; Disorganized; Catatonic; Residual; Undifferentiated
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What characterizes Paranoid Schizophrenia?
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Suspicion towards others. Hallucinations of hearing threatening voices. Delusions of grandeur
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What characterizes Disorganized Schizophrenia?
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Withdrawal from society
Very inappropriate behavior Poor hygiene Loose associations Bizarre mannerisms Incoherent speech |
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What characterizes Catatonic Schizophrenia?
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Abnormal motor movements
Psychomotor retardation (slowed movement) Waxy flexibility In the excited stage, may be constantly moving. May be a danger to self or others. Extreme self care needs (NG tube due to inability to feed) |
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What characterizes Residual Schizophrenia?
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Active symptoms no longer present. However, may have two or more lingering symptoms:
Negative symptoms Social withdrawal Impaired role Odd behaviors |
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What characterizes Undifferentiated Schizophrenia?
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Has schizophrenic symptoms, but does not meet the criteria for any of the other types of schizophrenia.
Any of the + or - symptoms may be present. |
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What is Schizoaffective disorder?
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Disorder meets both the criteria for schizophrenia, AND one of the affective disorders (depression, mania, or mixed)
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What is a brief psychotic disorder?
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Symptomatic for only a period of 1 day to 1 month in duration.
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What is a schizophreniform disorder?
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Similar to brief, however, the period is from 1 to 6 months. Social/occupational dysfunction may or may not be present.
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What is Schizoaffective disorder?
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Disorder meets both the criteria for schizophrenia, AND one of the affective disorders (depression, mania, or mixed)
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What is a brief psychotic disorder?
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Symptomatic for only a period of 1 day to 1 month in duration.
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What is a schizophreniform disorder?
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Similar to brief, however, the period is from 1 to 6 months. Social/occupational dysfunction may or may not be present.
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