Apush Pageant Chapter 37

Front 1

What were some of the emotional scars left by the Great Depression?

Back 1

Insecurity had pushed up the suicide rate, dampened the marriage rate, women leading the household as the major bread winner (women were hired because they were cheaper labor).

Front 2

What was the fear for men and women following WWII?

Back 2

The GIs would step out of the army’s chow lines and back into the breadlines of the unemployed.

Front 3

What does the term GDP stand for? What does it represent?

Back 3

Gross Domestic Product; the total of all goods and services in the United States (11.5 trillion per year)

Front 4

This act will be vetoed by President Truman, but the Republican Congress will override his veto to pass the act which outlawed the “closed” (all-union) shop, made unions liable for damages that resulted from jurisdictional disputes among themselves, and required union leaders to take a noncommunist oath.

Back 4

Taft-Hartley Act

Front 5

What was the name of the strategy by the Congress of Industrial Organizations that was aimed at unionizing the Southern textile workers and steelworkers in the late 1940s?

Back 5

Operation Dixie (failed miserably)

Front 6

What is the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944 better known as? What did it do?

Back 6

GI Bill; Made generous provisions for sending the former soldiers to school.

Front 7

The prosperity of the 1950s helped to underwrite which social movements?

Back 7

Civil Rights, Women’s rights, vast new welfare programs (Medicare and Medicaid).

Front 8

This economic class will grow after WWII showing that the Great Depression was over?

Back 8

Middle Class

Front 9

What income level made up this new economic class (1950s dollars)?

Back 9

$3,000 - $10,000

Front 10

By 1960, what percentage of Americans owned their own home?

Back 10

Almost 60%

Front 11

What jobs will women fill post-WWII?

Back 11

Service jobs and the service industry will be the greatest employer from 1970 to the present

Front 12

What elements will help fuel the economic upturn of the 1950s?

Back 12

Massive appropriations for the Korean War, and defense spending accounted for some 10 percent of the GNP.

Front 13

What corporation will be one of the “think tanks” financed by the military’s research and development budget?

Back 13

Rand Corporation

Front 14

Where did the United States acquire their cheap energy from which helped to fuel our economy? Why will this cheap energy replace the energy coming from Texas?

Back 14

Middle East; Very easy to get the oil out of the ground and the quality is much easier to refine.

Front 15

What will the US reaction be to the possible inexhaustible oil reserves in the Middle East?

Back 15

Endless ribbons of highways, installed air-conditioning in homes and engineered a six-fold increase in the electric power.

Front 16

By 1970 nearly _____ % of the school-age population was enrolled in educational institutions—a dramatic increase since 1900. What are some of the consequences caused by this increased enrollment in educational institutions?

Back 16

90%; Lower test scores; higher dropout rates; loss of skill based employees.

Front 17

By the 1990s, what percentage of the American population did farm labor make up in the US economy?

Back 17

2%

Front 18

This area of the United States increased its population at a rate nearly double that of the old industrial zones?

Back 18

Sunbelt

Front 19

Name the top five states which gained population from 1950 – 2000?

Back 19

Nevada (1,148%), Arizona (584%), Florida (477%), Alaska (387%), Colorado (224%)

Front 20

What are the two types of loans that will help fuel the housing boom post-WWII?

Back 20

VA (Veterans Administration) and FHA (Federal Housing Administration)

Front 21

These brothers will be the pioneers of innovation by creating new techniques in home construction (cookie cutter houses)?

Back 21

Levitt (Levitt town)

Front 22

What is the name given to the abandonment of the inner cities by the Anglo population? What was the consequence to the inner city?

Back 22

“White Flight”; The tax base left which meant less money and run down schools for the poor.

Front 23

What is the difference between Dejure and Defacto segregation?

Back 23

Dejure = by law. Defacto = by tradition

Front 24

What boom took place between 1945 – 1962?

Back 24

Baby boom (50 million babies by the end of the 1950s)

Front 25

What is the major problem we are facing now because of this baby?

Back 25

Strains on the Social Security system. Not enough worker bees!

Front 26

What will be the famous statement on Harry S. Truman’s desk addressing that he is responsible for all that happens in the US?

Back 26

“The buck stops here”

Front 27

What was discussed at the Yalta conference between the BIG Three?

Back 27

The unconditional surrender of Germany, The dividing up of Germany, The proposed free elections in occupied territory (which Stalin will not allow to happen).

Front 28

What will be the difference between Truman’s view and FDR’s view of Stalin?

Back 28

Truman didn’t trust Stalin

Front 29

What policy by F.D. Roosevelt will possibly allow the communists to take over China, Poland and other Eastern European nations?

Back 29

Not standing up to Stalin and allowing him to take over Manchuria and to discontinue free elections in Eastern Europe

Front 30

What was the name of the man responsible for bringing communism to China in 1949?

Back 30

Mao Zedong

Front 31

What will cause friction between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1918 – 1990?

Back 31

Brush Fire War (support for the Whites in the Bolsheviks), Didn’t recognize the USSR until sixteen years after its creation, 1st and 2nd Red Scare, Leaving out the Soviets from the atomic weapons race, Abruptly terminated vital led-lease aid to USSR in 1945 and denied Moscow’s plea for a $6 billion reconstruction loan, Atomic Bomb, Hydrogen bomb, Korean War, Vietnam War.

Front 32

In 1944 the Western Allies established the IMF to encourage world trade by regulating currency exchange rates. What dies the IMF stand for?

Back 32

International Monetary Fund

Front 33

What other organizations will be created at this meeting in New Hampshire in 1944?

Back 33

World Bank to promote economic growth in war-ravaged areas.

Front 34

This international organization will meet for the first time in San Francisco on April 25, 1945 (13 days after FDR’s death).

Back 34

United Nations

Front 35

What are the major differences between the UN and the League of Nations?

Back 35

The US joined the UN and there was a Security Council created with 5 permanent members

Front 36

Who are the five permanent members of the UN’s Security Council?

Back 36

US, GB, France, Russia, China

Front 37

What country in 1948 will the United States recognize giving it legitimacy? Why did Truman support the creation of this country in 1948 (election year)?

Back 37

Israel; Get the support of the American Jews

Front 38

What was the major reason for the creation of this state?

Back 38

Holocaust

Front 39

What will happen to this country the day it is created?

Back 39

It will be attacked by 5 Arab countries

Front 40

These trial will be held during 1945-46 putting the Nazi war criminals on trial. What was the significance of this city?

Back 40

Nuremberg, Germany; This was the city where Hitler created his racial segregation laws

Front 41

Germany at the end of WWII was divided into how many zones? Who owned them?

Back 41

Four; US, GB, France and Soviet Union

Front 42

What two nations will struggle for power during the Cold War? What will be considered the first battle of the Cold War? Who’s victorious?

Back 42

United States and the Soviet Union; Berlin Blockade; US over the Soviet blockade of West Berlin

Front 43

Which former British Prime Minister will be invited by President Truman to deliver a speech at Fulton College Missouri in 1948? What is the name of the speech? How did it get its name?

Back 43

Winston Churchill; Iron Curtain Speech; discussed the Soviet Union taking over the many satellite countries in Eastern Europe.

Front 44

How was the US victorious in the Berlin Airlift?

Back 44

For nearly a year, aircraft flew in supplies to West Berlin

Front 45

What will happen to Germany in 1949? Nov. 9, 1989?

Back 45

They will be divided into East and West Germany (the wall is NOT built until 1961). Reunited

Front 46

What is the main principle of the Truman Doctrine?

Back 46

The containment of communism to countries where it already existed by 1947.

Front 47

Where will the Truman Doctrine be used first? How will it be used?

Back 47

Greece and Turkey; with $400 million to bolster these two countries (Dollar Diplomacy)

Front 48

What was the name given to the reconstruction plan for the war-torn European continent (Western Europe)?

Back 48

Marshall Plan

Front 49

How much aid was sent to Europe?

Back 49

13 billion

Front 50

What new Cabinet position will be created by the National Security Act in 1947?

Back 50

Secretary of Defense

Front 51

This new building will house the newly created department?

Back 51

Pentagon

Front 52

This governmental agency was also created by the National Security Act to advise the president on security matters and the Central Intelligence Agency to coordinate the government’s foreign fact-gathering—didn’t work too well to prevent 911!!!

Back 52

National Security Council

Front 53

What Western European international organization will the United States join on April 4, 1949 which will support an attack on any member of the twelve-nation organization is an attack on all?

Back 53

NATO

Front 54

What will be the Soviet’s response to this Western European international organization?

Back 54

Warsaw Pact

Front 55

When did the Soviet’s explode their first Atomic weapon?

Back 55

1949

Front 56

Which couple was responsible for giving the Soviet the secrets to the atomic bomb?

Back 56

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Front 57

These type of oaths were forced upon many American during the 1950s?

Back 57

Loyalty Oaths

Front 58

Which House of Congress was responsible for the HUAC hearings on anti-communism?

Back 58

House of Representatives

Front 59

It will be this Senator from the State of Wisconsin who will be at the forefront of the 2nd Red Scare in American History?

Back 59

Joseph McCarthy (McCarthyism)

Front 60

This future Vice President and President will be part of the 2nd Red Scare in the 1950s.

Back 60

Richard Nixon

Front 61

What charges will Joseph McCarthy make which will lead to his downfall?

Back 61

That the State department and army are loaded with communists—there were some.

Front 62

Harry Truman unexpectedly integrated the US Armed Forces in 1948. Why was this an unexpected move? What could have been behind this move?

Back 62

Because Truman was from Missouri and had never really supported integration; He might have made this move to garner the African-American vote because in most polls he was trailing Thomas Dewey.

Front 63

Who will Harry S. Truman defeat in the 1948 election in an upset?

Back 63

Thomas Dewey

Front 64

Who were the “Dixiecrats”?

Back 64

They were a third party in the 1948 presidential election which will run Strom Thurmond for President

Front 65

What were the only successes of Harry Truman’s Fair Deal programs?

Back 65

Raising the minimum wage, providing for public housing in the Housing Act of 1949, and extending old-age insurance.

Front 66

Which war will the United States fight desegregated because of Harry Truman’s executive order?

Back 66

Korean War

Front 67

How did the Korean War get started?

Back 67

The North flooded over the 38th Parallel and the US will ask the United Nations to help in their fight.

Front 68

Why was NSC-68 (National Security Council memorandum) passed in 1950?

Back 68

It was to help quadruple the spending of the defense department to help with the Korean War

Front 69

Which popular General will be asked to help end the Korean War?

Back 69

Douglas MacArthur

Front 70

What will that General ask for which will lead to his firing by President Truman?

Back 70

The bombing of China with nuclear weapons

Front 71

What will be the outcome of the Korean War?

Back 71

Korea will remain divided along the 38th parallel and is still at war today.

Front 72

What famous statement will the General make before Congress concerning old soldiers?

Back 72

“Old soldiers never die, they just fade away”

Front 73

How many US soldiers died in the three year Korean War?

Back 73

36,516

Front 74

Officially, the United States was simply participating in a _______________ with the United Nation in Korea.

Back 74

Police Action