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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Teller & Platt Amendments |
-Teller Amendment: Adopted to underscore the government's humanitarian intentions, stated that the U.S had no intention of annexing or dominating the island. -The war lasted only four months and caused fewer than 400 American combat deaths. -Platt Amendment: Before recognizing its independence, McKinley forced the new island's government to approve this amendment to the new Cuban Constitution, which authorized the U.S to intervene militarily whenever it saw fit. Also gave U.S a permanent lease on the naval stations in Cuba, including Guantánamo Bay. -This amendment passed the Cuban Congress by a single vote, disappointing Cuban patriots who believed that they were still not free under the amendment, and would inspire another Cuban revolution half a century later. America was more interested in its new possessions for trade than gaining wealth from natural resources or large-scale American settlement. |
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Insular Cases |
-Insular Cases: Series of cases between 1901 and 1904, in which the Supreme Court held that the Constitution did not fully apply to the territories recently acquired by the United States- a significant limitation of the scope of American freedom. - Declared that Congress must recognize the "fundamental" personal rights of residents of the Philippines and Puerto Rico, but otherwise it could govern them as it saw fit for an indefinite period of time. |
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Open door note |
-Open Door Policy: In 1899, Secretary of State John Hay announced the Open Door policy, which demanded that European powers that had recently divided China into commercial spheres of influence grant equal access to American exports. Referred to the free movement of goods and money, not people. - Chinese didn't like this, led to Boxer Rebellion. I wonder what that is.Boxer Rebellion: Oh, will you look at that. Chinese nationalists killed thousands of Christian Chinese and besieged foreign embassies in Beijing in 1900, U.S contributed over 3,000 soldiers to the international force that helped to suppress the rebellion. |
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Emilio Aguinaldo |
-Emilio Aguinaldo: Leader of the Philippine war against American occupation. After Dewey's victory at Manila Bay, Emilio Aguinaldo established a provisional government with a constitution modeled on that of the United States, but after McKinley decided to retain possession of the island, the Filipino movement turned against the United States. -This resulting war was longer and bloodier than the Spanish American conflict, is also the least remembered of all American wars, but was closely followed and widely debated in the United States at the time. The press reports of the atrocities committed by the American troops tarnished the nation's self-image as liberators. |
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Roosevelt Corollary |
-Roosevelt Corollary (to Monroe Doctrine): Held that the United States had the right to exercise an international police power in the Western Hemisphere. -In effect, Dominican Republic became a protectorate of the U.S. |
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War Industries Board and National War Labor Board |
-War Industries Board/Bernard Baruch: Presided over all elements of war production from the distribution of raw materials to the prices of manufactured goods. -It established standardized specifications for everything from automobile tires to shoe colors in order to spur efficiency. Led by Bernard Baruch, a Wall Street financier. -War Labor Board:Included representatives of government, industry, and the AFL, pressed for the establishment of a minimum wage, 8 hour workday, and the right to form unions. -During the war wages rose substantially, working conditions improved, and union membership doubled. In order to finance the war, income taxes rose enormously, in 1918, Americans paid 60% of their income in taxes. |
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CPI |
-CPI: Created in 1917 by Wilson administration to explain to Americans and the world, as its director, George Creel, put it, "the cause that compelled America to take arms in defense of its liberties and free institutions". It enlisted academics, journalists, artists, and advertising men, and flooded the country with prowar propaganda. -Proved that it was possible to sway the public opinion. Advertisers would later use these tactics to sell goods. CPI set a precedent for active governmental efforts to shape public opinion in later international conflicts. |
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Sedition Act of 1918 |
-Sedition Act: Passed in 1918, made it a crime to make spoken or printed statements that intended to cast "contempt, scorn, or disrepute" on the "form of government," or that advocated interference with the war effort. -The government convicted over 1000 people for violating these laws. |
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Great Migration |
-The Great Migration: Thousands of industrial jobs were opened to black laborers for the first time, inspiring a large scale migration from north to south. There were higher wages in Northern factories, opportunities for educating their children, escape from the threat of lynching, and the prospect of exercising the right to vote. -Most of the migrants were young men and women, and were very optimistic, however, they encountered vast disappointments-severely restricted employment opportunities, exclusion from unions, rigid housing segregation, and outbreaks of violence that made it clear no region of the country was free from racial hostility. |
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Article X of the Treaty of Versailles |
-Says that U.S has no obligation to intervene to preserve the territorial integrity or political independence of any other country. Wilson said this devitalized the entire treaty. -Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations were fairly sound theoretically, but didn't work to well in reality. Also kind of started WWII |
