Ap2 Autonomic Nervous System Chapter 14

Front 1

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscle?

Back 1

Somatic nervous system

Front 2

Somatic motor neurons innervate:

Back 2

Skeletal muscle cells.

Front 3

Compared to parasympathetic ganglia, sympathetic ganglia are __________.

Back 3

Closer to the spinal cord

Front 4

Cocaine causes increased availability of norepinephrine and therefore stimulates the sympathetic division. What would be an effect of cocaine?

Back 4

hyperglycemia due to increased glucose release

Front 5

Receptors that bind norepinephrine and epinephrine are known as:

Back 5

adrenergic

Front 6

Name the structure identified with a question mark from this summary chart of how the nervous system controls homeostasis.

Back 6

hypothalamus

Front 7

Which nervous system usually maintains a heart rate of 72 beats per minute?

Back 7

parasympathetic nervous system

Front 8

What part of the brain largely controls homeostatic functions?

Back 8

Hypothalamus

Front 9

Which of the following is true of the nervous system division depicted in this figure?

Back 9

Involuntary, autonomic nervous system

Front 10

In the last step of a visceral reflex arc__________.

Back 10

postganglionic neurons stimulate target cells

Front 11

Postganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system __________.

Back 11

have cell bodies located within autonomic ganglia

Front 12

What is called the "rest and digest" division of the nervous system?

Back 12

Parasympathetic nervous system

Front 13

Visceral reflex arcs do NOT control:

Back 13

Voluntary muscle functions

Front 14

Control of skeletal muscle is the responsibility of:

Back 14

a somatic motor neuron

Front 15

A drug that inhibits the release of norepinephrine will have the greatest affect on:

Back 15

autonomic target cells.

Front 16

What innervates target cells or organs of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

Back 16

postganglionic neuron

Front 17

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) includes the vagus nerves, which innervate the thoracic and abdominal viscera?

Back 17

parasympathetic nervous system

Front 18

After eating a large meal, Mr. Davis felt sleepy. Which nervous system dominates?

Back 18

parasympathetic nervous system

Front 19

What do the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems share in common?

Back 19

Both systems are divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

Craniosacral in origin

Front 20

True or False? The sympathetic nervous system has short preganglionic axons and long postganglionic axons, with the sympathetic ganglia located near the spinal cord.

Back 20

True

Front 21

This figure depicts the basic anatomy of the __________.

Back 21

Sympathetic nervous system

Front 22

Which of the following house axons of sympathetic postganglionic neurons?

Back 22

gray rami communicantes

Front 23

The major neurotransmitter at sympathetic target organs is __________.

Back 23

Approx 80% of postganglionic sympathetic neurons release norepinephrine, and the remainder release epinephrine or ACh.

Front 24

If a drug is administered to block the heart's adrenergic receptors, how is heart rate affected during exercise?

Back 24

beta blockers are antagonists that bind to the b1 receptors on the heart and decrease the rate and force of contraction

Front 25

Receptors that bind acetylcholine are known as:

Back 25

cholinergic.

Front 26

What two systems are interfaced by the adrenal medulla?

Back 26

sympathetic nervous system and endocrine system

Front 27

Which nervous system dilates the pupils and allows more light to enter the eyes?

Back 27

sympathetic nervous system

Front 28

Sympathetic chain ganglia extend from the superior cervical ganglion to the inferior sacral ganglion.

Back 28

True

Front 29

Are Alpha and beta receptors are classified as cholinergic receptors?

Back 29

False

Front 30

The cell body of the preganglionic neuron in this figure could be located in the __________.

Back 30

sacral section of the spinal cord

Front 31

The parasympathetic neurotransmitter at target organs is __________.

Back 31

Acetylcholine

Front 32

What is one of the effects of the parasympathetic NS?

Back 32

increased salivary and digestive secretions

Front 33

The axons of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are:

Back 33

Short

Front 34

What effect does the parasympathetic nervous system have on heart rate and blood pressure?

Back 34

decreases heart rate and blood pressure

Front 35

The basic function of the parasympathetic nervous system is to maintain homeostasis when the body is at rest.

Back 35

True

Front 36

The sympathetic nervous system, or craniosacral division, involves four cranial nerves and sacral nerves S2 - S4.

Back 36

False

Front 37

Both preganglionic and postganglionic parasympathetic neurons release acetylcholine at their synapses.

Back 37

True

Front 38

What is responsible for keeping blood vessels partially constricted at all times?

Back 38

Sympathetic Tone

Front 39

Most organs are innervated from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, referred to as:

Back 39

Dual innervation

Front 40

Most organs experience dual innervation from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

Back 40

True

Front 41

Increase in digestion is an effect of the sympathetic NS.. T/F?

Back 41

False

Front 42

Where do parasympathetic nervous system fibers emerge from?

Back 42

cranialsacral region. (brain stem and sacral region)

Front 43

What are the 2 major types of adrenic receptors?

Back 43

Alpha and Beta

Front 44

During rest and digest what nervous system is active?

Back 44

parasympatheic

Front 45

What is the main center of the autonomic nervous system?

Back 45

Hypothalamus

Front 46

Norepinephrine is secreted by some axons of the

Back 46

sympathetic nervous system

Front 47

Where are nicotinic and muscarinic receptors found?

Back 47

nicotinic receptors are found in membranes of all postganglionic parasympathetic neurons, muscarinic receptors are found in the membranes of all parasympathetic target cells

Front 48

What nervous system controls body temp

Back 48

sympathetic - the hypothalamus

Front 49

Do presynaptic axons extend to the effectors?

Back 49

False

Front 50

are Ganglia close to effectors

Back 50

yes in the parasympathetic NS

No in the sympathetic NS

Front 51

Parasympathetic shares control with sympathetic over all except

Back 51

blood vessels

Front 52

Where is the cardiac / vasomotor reflex center found?

Back 52

Medulla oblongata

Front 53

90% of parasympathetic fibers are located in the

Back 53

X cranial nerve

Front 54

Muscarinic receptors differ from nicotinic receptors because they can be

Back 54

inhibitory

Front 55

Does atropine cause skeletal muscle paralysis?

Back 55

no, effects are slower breathing, and cardiac

Front 56

visceral responses to emotion are mediated by the

Back 56

hypothalamus

Front 57

what is a problem for the elderly in the sympathetic NS?

Back 57

orthostatic hypotension