Ap World History General Vocabulary

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A.D/C.E

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A.D- Anno Domini, translated as 'In the year of the Lord'
C.E- Common Era, abbreviated as CE, is an alternative naming of the traditional calendar era, Anno Domini.

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Absolutism

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The acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.

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Agriculture

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The science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide

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Aristocracy

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1. The highest class in certain societies, esp. those holding hereditary titles or offices.
2. A form of government in which power is held by the nobility.

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B.C/B.C.E

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B.C- Before Christ, Used to indicate that a date is before the Christian Era
B.C.E- The abbreviation for Before the Common/Current/Christian Era.

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Bias

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Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.

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Bureaucracy

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1. A system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.
2. A state or organization governed or managed according to such a system.

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Chiefdom

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A chiefdom is a type of complex society of varying degrees of centralization that is led by an individual known as a chief

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City-State

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a state consisting of a sovereign city

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Civilization

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1. The most advanced stage of human social development and organization.
2. The process by which a society or place reaches this stage.

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Consumerism

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1. The protection or promotion of the interests of consumers.
2. The preoccupation of society with the acquisition of consumer goods

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Demography

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1. The study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human...
2. The composition of a particular human population:

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Demographic Shift

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population aging occurs when the median age of a country or region rises

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Diffusion

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1. The spreading of something more widely.
2. The action of spreading the light from a light source evenly so as to reduce glare and harsh shadows

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Divination

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The practice of seeking knowledge of the future or the unknown by supernatural means.

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Dynasty

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1. A line of hereditary rulers of a country
2. A succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in a certain field.

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Economic Interaction

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exchanges of goods and services between people

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Economic System

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the system of production and distribution and consumption

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Empire

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An extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly esp. an emperor or empress.

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Epidemic

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A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time

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Forager

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someone who hunts for food and provisions

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Global Context/Perspective

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Context- This term could be used to describe situations etc. that impact the entire world. It could be used in a political sense or to describe natural phenomena such as the polar ice caps melting.
Perspective- the study of the larger world and our society's place in it.

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Global Processes

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events or changes that have affected the planet as a whole.

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Hyperurbanization

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It is the rapid and unchecked influx of migrants, usually but not exclusively, internal, into a city.

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Imperial Expansion

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an imperialistic country expands by taking over other territories or countries

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Indentured Servant

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An indentured servant was a worker, typically a laborer or tradesman, under contract to an employer for a fixed period of time

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Interregional

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Of, involving, or connecting two or more regions

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Kingdom

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1. A country, state, or territory ruled by a king or queen.
2. A realm associated with or regarded as being under the control of a particular person or thing.

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Lord/Vassal Relationship

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The relationship between the lord and vassal, is that the lord gives a portion of his land to a vassal which is a knight; to provide military support and protection, before doing his duty the vassal swears an oath to be loyal to a particular lord and in turn the lord grant the vassal a portion of his land and riches

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Medieval

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1. Of or relating to the Middle Ages.
2. Very old-fashioned or primitive

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Merchant

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A person or company involved in wholesale trade, esp. one dealing with foreign countries or supplying merchandise to a particular trade

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Monotheism

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The doctrine or belief that there is only one God.

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Nation-State

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a political entity (a state) associated with a particular cultural entity (a nation)

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Neolithic

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1. Of, relating to, or denoting the later part of the Stone Age, when ground or polished stone implements prevailed.
2. The Neolithic period.

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Nobility

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1. The quality of being noble in character, mind, birth, or rank.
2. The group of people belonging to the noble class in a country, esp. those with a hereditary or honorary title

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Nomad

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A member of a people who have no permanent abode and travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.

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Ocean

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1. A very large expanse of sea, in particular, each of the main areas into which the sea is divided geographically
2. The sea

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Paleolithic

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1. Of, relating to, or denoting the early phase of the Stone Age, lasting about 2.5 million years, when primitive stone implements were used.
2. The Paleolithic period

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Pandemic

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An outbreak of such a disease

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Papacy

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1. The office or authority of the pope.
2. The tenure of office of a pope.

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Pastoral

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A work of literature portraying an idealized version of country life.

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Patriarchal

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1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a patriarch.
2. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a system of society or government controlled by me

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Periodization

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the attempt to categorize or divide time into named blocks

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Political Structure

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The term political structure, used in a general sense, refers to institutions or groups and their relations to each other, their patterns of interaction within political systems and to political regulations, laws and the norms present in political systems in such a way that they constitute the political landscape of the political entity

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Polytheism

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The belief in or worship of more than one god.

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Prehistoric

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1. Of, relating to, or denoting the period before written records.
2. Very old, primitive, or out of date

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Primary Source

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original materials

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Revolution

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1. A forcible overthrow of a government or social order for a new system.
2. (in Marxism) The class struggle that is expected to lead to political change and the triumph of communism.

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Scribe

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A person who copies out documents, esp. one employed to do this before printing was invented

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Sea

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The expanse of salt water that covers most of the earth's surface and surrounds its landmasses

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Secondary Source

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a document or recording that relates or discusses information originally presented elsewhere

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Serf

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An agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate

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Shaman

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A person having access to, and influence in, the world of spirits, esp. among some peoples of northern Asia and North America

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Slave

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A person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them

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State

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Of, provided by, or concerned with the civil government of a country

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Steppes

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A large area of flat unforested grassland in southeastern Europe or Siberia.

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Urban

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In, relating to, or characteristic of a city or town