Anthropology Chapter 9 Sex And Gender

Front 1

Sex

Back 1

refers to biological differences (the parts)

Front 2

Cultural Construction of Gender

Back 2

The idea that the characteristics a people attribute to males
and females is culturally, not biologically determined.

Front 3

Gender roles

Back 3

the tasks and activities that a culture assigns to the sexes.

Front 4

Gender stereotypes

Back 4

are oversimplified but strongly held ideas of the characteristics of men and
women.

Front 5

Gender

Back 5

the cultural construction of male and
female characteristics (the roles)

Front 6

Cultural Construction of Gender

Back 6

The idea that the characteristics a people attribute to males
and females is culturally, not biologically determined.

Front 7

Gender stereotypes

Back 7

are oversimplified but strongly held ideas of the characteristics of men and
women.

Front 8

Hua of Papua New Guinea

Back 8

Patrilineal, horticultural people. Gender is constructed based on female-male differences that are not recognized by people
outside of Papua, New Guinea.

Front 9

Human bodies and food items contain varying amounts of a life-giving substance called

Back 9

nu

Front 10

Females have an excess of nu

Back 10

they grow faster, age more slowly and are unattractively moist.

Front 11

Men contain a smaller amount of nu

Back 11

they have difficulty with growth and maintenance of
vitality later in life, but are attractively dry.

Front 12

Figapa

Back 12

Their bodies contain substances symbolically considered feminine (lots of nu).

Front 13

Kakora

Back 13

Eligible to live in the men's houses and to obtain the secret “male” knowledge gained
during initiation ceremonies (minimal nu).

Front 14

Gender Crossing

Back 14

The adoption of social roles and behaviors normatively appropriate for the
opposite biological sex from one’s own.

Front 15

Multiple Gender Identities

Back 15

The recognition, present in some cultures, of more than two
genders. up to 4 genders

Front 16

Sexual Division of Labor

Back 16

The kinds of productive activities that are assigned to women
versus men in a culture.

Front 17

Physical Strength

Back 17

Work tasks requiring greater strength are mainly performed by
males.

Front 18

Fertility Maintenance

Back 18

Prolonged physical exercise can depress female fertility, so
most strenuous tend to be done by males.

Front 19

Compatibility with Childcare

Back 19

Women tend to perform tasks that can be combined
efficiently with childcare.

Front 20

Economy of Effort

Back 20

May be more advantageous for a gender to do tasks that follow in
a production sequence (e.g. wood cutters make wood objects); may also be advantageous
for a gender to perform tasks located near each other (childcare and domestic chores).

Front 21

Expendability

Back 21

Men do more hard/dangerous tasks because they are more expendable.

Front 22

Gender Stratification

Back 22

the degree of inequality between males and females based on culturally
defined differences between the sexes.

Front 23

Equality disappeared how many years ago?

Back 23

10,000

Front 24

the closest way of life closest to equal is

Back 24

horticulture

Front 25

Relative gender equality is most likely

Back 25

the ancestral pattern of human society.