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124 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Trace the blood flow from the ascending aorta to the right popliteal fossa |
Ascending aorta Aortic arch Descending thoracic aorta Descending abdominal aorta Right common iliac artery Right external iliac artery Right femoral artery Right popliteal artery |
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Trace the blood flow from the ascending aorta to the right radial artery. |
Ascending aorta Aortic arch Brachiocephalic trunk Right subclavian artery Right axillary artery Right brachial artery Right radial artery |
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Trace the flow of blood from the ascending aorta to the left radial artery. |
Ascending aorta Aortic arch Left subclavian artery Left axillary artery Left brachial artery Left radial artery |
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Trace the flow of blood from the ascending aorta (trace the one that includes the right common carotid artery) to the inside of the skull. |
Ascending aorta Aortic arch Brachiocephalic trunk Right common carotid artery Right internal carotid artery Carotid canal Inside of the skull |
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Trace the flow of blood from the ascending aorta to the inside of the skull (use the one that includes the right vertebral artery). |
Ascending aorta Aortic arch Brachiocephalic trunk Right subclavian artery Right vertebral artery Inside of the skull |
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Trace the flow of blood from the right axillary vein to the heart. |
Right axillary vein Right subclavian vein Right brachiocephalic vein Superior vena cava Right atrium Heart chamber |
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Trace the flow of blood from the left axillary vein to the heart. |
Left axillary vein Left subclavian vein Left brachiocephalic vein Superior vena cava Right atrium |
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Trace the flow of blood from the right popliteal vein to the heart |
Right popliteal vein Right femoral vein Right external iliac vein Right common iliac vein Inferior vena cava Heart |
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Define enastimosis |
The union of two blood vessels to supply the same region |
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Describe the skeletal muscle pump. |
Many of the deep veins run between skeletal muscles and when you contract a skeletal muscle it bulges. So when you contract skeletal muscles they compress these deep veins pushing the blood. Since blood can only go one direction it helps move the blood up towards the heart. |
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Describe the respiratory pump when you inhale. |
When you inhale the diaphragm contracts and flattens out and it make the thoracic cavity bigger which decreases intra-thoracic pressure. At the same time the diaphragm is pushing on the abdominal cavity increasing intra-abdominal pressure. It compresses the abdominal vessels and in the thorax there is less pressure which pulls the blood up.
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Describe the respiratory pump when you exhale. |
When you exhale the pressure in the thorax increases but the blood can't be pushed back down because of the valves and the pressure is released in the abdominal vessels so that the blood from the lower limbs can move into the abdominal cavity now. |
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Blood vessels below the diaphragm drain into the ___________ vena cava while blood vessels above the diaphragm drain into the __________ vena cava. |
Inferior Superior |
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The superior vena cava is made up of the merging of which two veins? |
Right brachiocephalic vein Left brachiocephalic vein |
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Each brachiocephalic vein is made up of the merging of |
A subclavian veins and two jugular veins. |
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The inferior vena cava runs next to the |
Descending abdominal aorta |
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Arteries and veins that run next to each other are sometimes called________________. |
Companion vessels (they often have the same name) |
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The inferior vena cava is formed by the union of two large veins: _______________&______________ |
The left and right common iliac vein |
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The right and left common carotid arteries are the main blood supply to the __________&__________ |
Head and neck |
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The common carotid artery bifurcates into an ______________ & _______________ |
Internal carotid artery External carotid artery |
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The external carotid artery supplies structures that are: |
Superficial to the skull: Face Nasal cavity Tongue Teeth Neck Throat |
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The internal carotid artery supplies blood to the ___________ & ___________ |
Brain and eyes |
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What hole does the internal carotid artery enter? |
The carotid canal |
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What artery runs through the transverse foramina? |
Vertebral artery |
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Where does the Vertebral artery enter the skull? |
Foramen magnum |
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How is blood drained from the external carotid artery? (There are two) |
External jugular vein Internal jugular vein |
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When the subclavian vein merges with the internal jugular vein it becomes? |
Brachiocephalic vein |
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Which two arteries supply blood inside the cranium? |
Internal carotid artery Vertebral artery |
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Trace blood through from the brachiocephalic trunk to the inside of the skull using the internal carotid artery. |
Blood comes up the brachiocephalic trunk through the common carotid artery into the internal carotid artery where it enters the skull through the carotid canal |
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Which two arteries supply blood inside the cranium? |
Internal carotid artery Vertebral artery |
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Trace blood through from the brachiocephalic trunk to the inside of the skull using the internal carotid artery. |
Blood comes up the brachiocephalic trunk through the common carotid artery into the internal carotid artery where it enters the skull through the carotid canal |
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Trace the blood flow to the brain using the vertebral artery (start in the subclavian artery) |
Subclavian artery to the vertebral artery to the inside of the skull |
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The vertebral arteries merge to form the __________ artery. |
Basilar |
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What is the circle of Willis made up of? |
Branches from the internal carotid artery and the basilar arteries. |
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What is the circle of Willis made up of? |
Branches from the internal carotid artery and the basilar arteries. |
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What is the function of the circle of Willis? |
If one of the arteries supplying the brain become blocked this allows an alternate route to get blood to that part of the brain.
It also might equalize/stabilize blood pressure |
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How is blood drained from the inside of the skull? |
Dural Venus sinuses |
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The Dural Venus sinuses drain into the ______________. |
Internal jugular vein |
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What hole does the internal jugular vein leave the skull through? |
Jugular foramen |
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Ultimately all of the veins of the arm will drain into the _______________ vein. |
Subclavian |
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The cephalic vein drains into the ______________ vein. |
Axillary |
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The cephalic vein is on the lateral or medial side of your arm? |
Lateral |
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The basilic vein is on the lateral or medial side of your arm? |
Medial |
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The median cubital vein is a little bridge between the __________ vein and the __________ vein. |
Cephalic vein Basilic vein |
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The ___________ ____________ vein is often used for vein puncture. |
Median cubital vein |
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Of the subclavian, axillary, cephalic, and basilic veins which ones are deep veins? |
Subclavian and axillary |
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Two veins that are draining the head and neck join up with the subclavian veins. What are these two veins? |
External and internal jugular veins |
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The descending abdominal aorta bifurcates into the ______________ and _____________ iliac arteries. |
Internal and external |
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The internal iliac artery supplies the.... |
Pelvis, perineum etc. |
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The external iliac artery leaves the lower trunk to supply the... |
Lower limb |
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Once the external iliac artery passes the inguinal ligament it becomes the |
Femoral artery |
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The popliteal artery gives off what two branches? |
▪️Anterior tibial artery ▪️posterior tibial artery |
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The popliteal artery gives off what two branches? |
▪️Anterior tibial artery ▪️posterior tibial artery |
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Anterior tibial artery goes all the way down to your foot and becomes the... |
dorsalis pedis artery |
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The only superficial vein Jolley wants us to know of the lower limbs is the ___________ ____________ vein which runs on the medial aspect of your leg. |
Great saphenous |
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The great saphenous vein merges with the |
Femoral vein |
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What are the 3 main functions of the lymphatic system? |
-drains excess interstitial fluid into the blood stream -transports dietary lipids -immune: filters interstitial fluid for pathogens and initiates immune responds; site for maturation and replication of some lymphocytes |
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The lymphatic system drains the interstitial fluid back in the blood stream where the ____________ vein and your internal______________ vein meet. |
Subclavian Jugular |
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Lipids are absorbed by the ______________ capillaries. |
Lymphatic |
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__________ nodes screen the lymph for pathogens |
Lymph |
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__________ nodes screen the lymph for pathogens |
Lymph |
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Explain how extra fluid ends up in the space between the cells as interstitial fluid. |
On the arteriole end of the capillaries some of the water and liquid is pushed out because of the high blood pressure into the space between your cells. Most of it is reabsorbed at the venule end but what isn't is the interstitial fluid that the lymphatic system drains back into the blood. |
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Lymphatic vessels anastomose freely and eventually they all empty into which two ducts? |
Thoracic duct Right lymphatic duct |
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The Thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct (of the lymphatic system) empty into which two veins? |
Internal jugular vein Subclavian vein |
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Nearly all the interstitial fluid is drained by the Thoracic duct or the Right Lymphatic duct? |
Thoracic duct |
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Everything below the diaphragm is drained by the ____________ duct. |
Thoracic |
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Everything below the diaphragm is drained by the ____________ duct. |
Thoracic |
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Above the diaphragm half of it is drained by the Thoracic duct and the other half is drained by the _____________ ______________ duct. |
Right lymphatic duct |
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The right lymphatic duct drains the right side of the ___________ and _____________ and the right side of the ______________ and the right upper ____________. |
Head Neck Thorax Limb |
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Lymphatic structures do not have a complete ____________ ____________ capsule around them. |
Connective tissue |
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Are Lymphatic nodules organs? Why or why not. |
No They are not surrounded by a complete connective tissue capsule. |
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What are Lymphatic nodules? |
They are lymphatic structures. They are clusters of lymphatic cells with some extracellular connective tissue matrix but they are not surrounded by a complete connective tissue capsule. |
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What are Lymphatic nodules? |
They are lymphatic structures. They are clusters of lymphatic cells with some extracellular connective tissue matrix but they are not surrounded by a complete connective tissue capsule. |
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In some parts of the body Lymphatic nodules group together to form |
Tonsils |
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What are the three kinds of tonsils? |
Pharyngeal (adenoids) Palatine Lingual |
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The pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids) is located at the |
Top and back of your throat. |
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Lingual tonsils are found at the base of your_____________ |
Tongue |
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Name the 3 Lymphatic organs. |
Thymus Lymph Nodes Spleen |
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Where is the Thymus located? |
Anterior mediastinum |
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What are Lymph Nodes? |
Organs Small round or oval structures surrounded by a tough connective tissue capsule |
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What are Lymph Nodes? |
Organs Small round or oval structures surrounded by a tough connective tissue capsule |
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What are the three kinds of Lymph Nodes? |
Cervical Axillary Inguinal |
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What is the largest Lymphatic organ? |
Spleen |
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What does the spleen do? |
▪️Monitors blood for pathological material ▪️phagocytizes old and defective erythrocytes and platelets ▪️Phagocytizes bacteria and foreign debris ▪️blood reservoir |
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The spleen is on the right or left side? |
Left |
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The most common route of carcinoma dissemination is... |
Lymphatic system |
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What are the 5 functions of the respiratory system? |
Gas exchange Gas conditioning Sound production Olfaction Defense |
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The upper respiratory tract is made of what 3 parts? |
Nose/nasal cavity Paranasal sinuses Pharynx |
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The upper respiratory tract is made of what 3 parts? |
Nose/nasal cavity Paranasal sinuses Pharynx |
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The lower respiratory tract is made up of what 5 things? |
▪️Larynx ▪️Trachea ▪️Bronchial tree ▪️Respiratory bronchioles ▪️alveolar ducts ▪️alveoli ▪️Lungs |
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The conducting portion gets air to and from the respiratory portion. Does gas exchange happen there? |
No |
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Gas exchange happens in the |
Alveoli |
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The openings from your nasal cavity into your pharynx are called... |
Coane |
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The openings from your nasal cavity into your pharynx are called... |
Coane |
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Another name for nostrils |
Naries |
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The conducting portion includes the _______________ respiratory tract, and part of the ____________ respiratory tract, up to and including the ______________ bronchioles. |
Upper Lower Terminal |
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Respiratory portion includes respiratory ______________, ____________ ducts and ______________. |
Bronchioles Alveolar Alveoli |
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The functional organization of the respiratory system is broken into... |
Conduction portion Respiratory portion |
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Which two bones make up the bony nasal septum? |
Ethmoid and vomer |
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What 4 sinuses make up the paranasal sinuses? |
Frontal Ethmoidal Shenoidal Maxillary |
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Three portions of the Pharynx are... |
Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx |
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The Eustsation tube runs from you _________ to your _____________. |
Nasopharynx to your middle ear |
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What does your Euststation tune do? |
Equalizes air pressure and drains stuff. |
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The ______________ is your voice box. |
Larynx |
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What is the larynx made of |
Cartilage and soft tissue |
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The __________ fold ligament is the true vocal chord. |
Vocal |
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The trachea bifurcates into a right and left primary ____________. |
Bronchus |
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Describe the bronchial tree |
A series of branching airways in both of the lungs that conduct air to the respiratory portion. Part of the conducting portion of the respiratory system. |
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The right and left primary bronchi branch into _________ bronchi which branch into _________ bronchi which continue branching and eventually become _____________. These branch into _____________ bronchioles (the last part of the conducting portion). |
Primary Secondary Tertiary Bronchioles Terminal |
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Terminal bronchioles branch into ______________ bronchioles which are the first part of the respiratory portion. |
Respiratory |
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The lungs are surrounded by a serous membrane called.... |
Pluera |
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The lungs are surrounded by a serous membrane called.... |
Pluera |
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The layer of the pleura that actually touches the lungs is called the... |
Visceral pluera |
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The lungs are surrounded by a serous membrane called.... |
Pluera |
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The layer of the pleura that actually touches the lungs is called the... |
Visceral pluera |
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The layer of your pluera that lines the inside of your thoracic cavity is called... |
Parietal pleura |
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In between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura is the |
Pleural cavity |
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The _________ lung is bigger than the __________ lung. |
Right Left |
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The _________ lung is bigger than the __________ lung. |
Right Left |
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How many lobes does the right lung have and what are they called? |
3 Superior Middle Inferior |
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Hylum |
Doorway to the lungs |
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What causes the cardiac notch? |
Descending thoracic aorta |
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What causes the cardiac notch? |
Descending thoracic aorta |
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What causes the cardiac impression? |
Heart |
