Anatomy Exam 4 - Muscles

Front 1

 
Masseter (External)

Back 1

Mandibular Elevator Muscles
 
 
Closes the jaw at the molars

Front 2

Masseter (Internal)

Back 2

Mandibular Elevator Muscles
 
 
Closes the jaw at the molars

Front 3

Temporalis

Back 3

Mandibular Elevator Muscles


Elevates and retracts the mandible

Front 4

Medial or Internal Pterygoid

Back 4

Mandibular Elevator Muscles


With the masseter, straps the mandible to the skull; elevates the mandible

Front 5

 Digastricus: Anterior Belly

Back 5

Mandibular Depressor Muscles


With hyoid anchored, depresses the mandible

Front 6

 
Digastricus: Posterior Belly

Back 6

Mandibular Depressor Muscles

 
With hyoid anchored, depresses the mandible

Front 7

Mylohyoid

Back 7

Mandibular Depressor Muscles


With hyoid anchored, depresses mandible

 

Front 8

Geniohyoid

Back 8

Mandibular Depressor Muscles

 
With hyoid anchored, depresses mandible

Front 9

Lateral or External Pterygoid

Back 9

Mandibular Depressor Muscles


Bilateral contraction will protrude mandible; unilateral contraction will create grinding action of mandible

Front 10

Genioglossus

Back 10

Extrinsic Tongue Muscles


Posterior fibers protrude tongue tip; anterior fibers retract tongue; entire muscle draws tongue down

Front 11

Styloglossus

Back 11

Extrinsic Tongue Muscles

 
Draws the tongue up and back; may help make the dorsum concave

Front 12

Glossopalatine

Back 12

Extrinsic Tongue Muscles


Elevates the back of the tongue to groove the dorsum

Front 13

Hyoglossus

Back 13

Extrinsic Tongue Muscles

 
Retracts and depresses the tongue

Front 14

Superior Longitudinal

Back 14

Intrinsic Tongue Muscles

 
Shortens the tongue and turns the tip upward; may also make the dorsum concave

 

Front 15

Inferior Longitudinal

Back 15

Intrinsic Tongue Muscles

 
Shortens the tongue or pulls the tip downward

Front 16

Transverse

Back 16

Intrinsic Tongue Muscles
 
 
Narrows and elongates the tongue

Front 17

Vertical

Back 17

Intrinsic Tongue Muscles


Flattens the tongue

Front 18

 Palatoglossus (Glossopalatine)

Back 18

Velar Muscles

 
With tongue anchored, depresses velum

 

Front 19

Palatopharyngeus (Pharyngopalatine)

Back 19

Velar Muscles

 
Depresses the velum and aids in guiding the bolus of food to the lower pharynx

Front 20

Levator Veli Palatini

Back 20

Velar Muscles


Elevates the velum up and back to close off the nasal cavity from the oral cavity

Front 21

Musculus Uvulae

Back 21

Velar Muscles


Shortens and elevates the velum

Front 22

Tensor Veli Palatini

Back 22

Velar Muscles


Tenses and depresses the velum; opens the lumen of the Eustachian tube

Front 23

Superior Constrictor:
Pterygopharyngeus
Buccopharyngeus
Mylopharyngeus

Glossopharyngeus

Back 23

Pharyngeal Muscles

 
Assists in deglutition and in vocal resonance

Front 24

Middle Constrictor:
Ceratopharyngeus
Chondropharyngeus

Back 24

Pharyngeal Muscles

 
Assists in deglutition and in vocal resonance

Front 25

Inferior Constrictor:
Thyropharyngeus
Cricopharyngeus

Back 25

Pharyngeal Muscles


Assists in deglutition and in vocal resonance

Front 26

Stylopharyngeus

Back 26

Pharyngeal Muscles

 
Assists in deglutition and in vocal resonance

Front 27

Salpingopharyngeus

Back 27

Pharyngeal Muscles

 
Assists in deglutition and in vocal resonance

Front 28

Pharyngopalatine (Palatopharyngeus)

Back 28

Pharyngeal Muscles


Assists in deglutition and in vocal resonance