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122 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lavender
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
EDTA
Hematology CBC, Reticulocyte count |
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Pink
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
EDTA
Blood Bank Rh factor, blood type, cross match must provide age or D.O.B sometimes requires 2nd verification |
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Royal Blue
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
EDTA,none, sodium heparin
Chemistry or Toxicology common test are trace element testing Trace element free (lead, copper, aluminum) has special aluminum free needle. Toxicology checks for mercury & arsenic |
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Tan
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
EDTA or sodium heparin
Chemistry or Toxicology testing for lead |
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*******Light Blue*****
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
Sodium Citrate
Coagulation PT (prothrombin time), PTT or aPTT ( activated partial thromboplastin time) tube must be filled completely and/or have a 9:1 ratio blood to anticoagulant ratio. use a discard tube first for a butterfly draw. |
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Gray
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
Potassium Oxalate, Sodium Fluoride
Chemistry Glucose & Alcohol (EtOH) testing if testing alcohol for legal purposes: no alcohol to skin, may require a chain of custody |
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RED
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
None
Chemistry/Serology Therapeutic drug levels, HIV and Hepatitis C Testin |
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Light Green
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
Lithium Heparin
Chemistry STAT BMP (basic metabolic panel) No lithium testing |
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Green
Additive, Dept, Most commont test, special considerations/handling |
Sodium Heparin
Chemistry Stat Chemistry Testing or Potassium No Sodium testing or BMP (basic metabolic |
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EDTA
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Binds Calcium to prevent Coagulation
Lavender, Pink, Pearl, Tan, Royal Blue |
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Test that required Chilled Specimens
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ACTH, Acetone, Blood Ammonia, Catecholamines, Free fatty Acids, Lactic Acids, Renin Activity
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Recommend Dilution for Sodium hyochlorite for cleaning blood or body fluid spills
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1:100
a 10 min contact time is required for disinfectants to be effective. |
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Test that required Chilled Specimens
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ACTH, Acetone, Blood Ammonia, Catecholamines, Free fatty Acids, Lactic Acids, Renin Activity
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Light Sensitive Testing
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Bilirubin, Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin, Carotene
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Disinfectants
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EPA regulated chemical substance or solutions that are used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces and instruments. Typically are corrosive and are not safe for use on human skin.
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Recommend Dilution for Sodium hyochlorite for cleaning blood or body fluid spills
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1:100
a 10 min contact time is required for disinfectants to be effective. |
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Alternative to handwashing
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wipe hands with dergent containing wipes followed by an alcohol based hand cleaner.
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Sharps containers
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must be clearly marked with a biohazard symbol, be rigid, puncture resistant, leak proof, and disposable and have locking lids.
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Gauge
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number that relates to the diameter of the lumen. The larger the gauge the smaller the needle.
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Most common guage of needle
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21
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Butterfly gauge
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23
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FDA
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responsible for clearing medical devices for marketing
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Butterfly infusion aka
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winged infusion blood collection set
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ECHO
Most common Anticoagulants |
E (EDTA) C (citrate) H (heprin) O (oxalated
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GO
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Gray tubes typically contain Oxalate
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EDTA
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Prevents coagulation by binding or chelating Calcium
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Citrates prevent coagulation by..
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binding calcium
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Heparin prevents clotting by...
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inhibiting thrombin formation.
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Oxxxalates prevent coagulation by.....
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precipitating calcium.
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SPS (Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate
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used in Yellow stopper tubes for blood cultures.
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Antiglycolyctic agent
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prevents glycolysis, the breakdown or metabolism of glucose (blood sugar) by blood cells
Glucose concentration decreases at a rate of 10mg/dL per hr. |
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Thixotropic gel
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inert synthetic substance that seperates cells from plasma or serum.
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Ex. of timed test
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2 hr PP GTT, Cortisol cardiac enzymes, Enzymes, TDM, Blood Cultures
Electrolytes Glucose H&H |
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OUTPATIENT
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Name and D.O.B, must match the test requisition, patient shows some time of id like DL, insurance card, etc.
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Inpatient
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Ask patient name & D.O.B. must match ID Band, contact nurse if it does not match, don't draw until error is corrected.
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unconscious patient in ER.
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nurse will attact a 3 part ID band, all three parts must match
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First choice of veins for venipuncture
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Median Cubital, cephalic, and basilic veins.
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Tourniquet Application
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Tourniquet should be applyed 3 to 4 inch above intended venipuncture site.
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First choice of veins for venipuncture
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Median Cubital, cephalic, and basilic veins.
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Tubes should be labled with the following....
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Patients First & Last
Patients ID number or D.O.B Date & Time of Collection Phlebs initials Pertinent additional information |
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ANA, RA, Or RF
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diagnose lupus and rheumatoid arthritis
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CBC test is used to
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Diagnose kidney function Disorders that may be responsible for problems such as confusion, coma, seizures, and tremors
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ESR
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Detect inflammation; identify collagen vascular diseas
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Glucose concentration is Normally higher in capillary blood specimens
True or False |
TRUE
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What fingers can you puse for a capillary puncture
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Middle or Ring finger
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Define Osteomyelitis
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inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone
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Define Osetochondritis
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Inflammation of the bone and cartilage as a result of infection
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maximum depth of a heel puncture on a infant
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2.0
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Safe area for a heel puncture on a infant
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the plantar surface of the heel, medial to an imaginary line extending from the middle of the great toe to the heel or lateral to an imaginary line extending from between the fourth or fifth toes to heel.
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Define PKU (phenylketonuria
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a genetic disorder characterized by a defect in the enzyme that breaks down the amino acid phenylalanine.
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Define Galactosemia
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an inherited disorder characterized by lack of the enzyme needed to covert the milk sugar galactose into glucose needed by the body for energy. Untreated infants will fail to thrive.
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Blood Spot collection
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wipe away first drop of blood
don't allow paper to touch heel of foot. Blood needs to completly feel the spot. Allow to airdry before folding or stacking. |
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Modified Allen Test
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a way to check for collateral circulation prior to an abg. Release presure on ulnar artery first.
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CDC (CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION)
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Is charged with the investigation and control of various diseases, they develope guidelines and recommend safety precautions to protect healthcare workers and others from infection
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HICPAC
Healthcare infection control practices advisory committee |
Advises the CDC on updating guidelines regarding prevention of nosocomial infections in hospitals and other healthcare facilities
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Vector Transmission
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The transfer of an infectious agent carried by an insect, arthropod, or animal.
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Vehicle Transmission
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the transmission of an infectious agent through contaminated food, water or drugs.
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PPE
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Gloves, gown, lab coat, mask, face shields and goggles
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Order to put on PPE
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Gown, mask, gloves
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What antiseptic does not contain alcohol
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Benzalkonium Chloride
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What is the nuber on side effect of an ABG
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Arteriospasm
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Prior to an ABG test you use the Modified Allen Test, which result do need to go ahead with an radial draw
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Positive
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What is an Accession Number
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a Uniques number for each specimen. It comes from the specimen requisition program.
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Examples of Warmed specimens
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Cryglobulins, cold aggultinin, cryofibrinogen
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intimate Distance
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Radius of 1-18 inch.
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Respondeat Superior
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Let the master respond, empolyers are responsiable for their employees actions.
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Vicarious Liablity
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healthcare facility is responsiable for a contractor.
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Res Ipsa Loquitur
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The thing speaks for itself
Gross negligent |
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CLSI
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Sets the sandard of care for labatories.
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Protective or reverse Isolation
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for highly susceptible patiens
protects patients from healthcare workers and other. |
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Class C Fire is a...
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electrical fire
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Class A fire is a....
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Ordinary materials
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PASS
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pull pin
aim nozzle squeeze trigger sweep Nozzle |
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RACE
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Rescue individuals in danger
Alarm: sound the alarm Confine the fire Extinguish the fire with enarest suitable fire extinguisher |
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Anterior (ventral)
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To the front of the body
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External (superficial)
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on or near the surface of the body.
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Medial
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toward the midline or middle of the body
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Palmar
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Concerning the palm of the hand
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Proximal
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nearest the center of the body, origin, pint of attachment
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Superior (cranial)
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Higher, or above or toward the head
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Posterior (dorsal
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to the back of the body
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Lateral
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toward the side of the body
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Plantar
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Concerning the sole of the foot
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Distal
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Farthest form the center of the body, origin, or point of the attachment
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inferior (caudal)
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beneath, or lower or away from the head
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Anatomical postion
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Standing erect
Arms to the side Eyes and palms facing forward |
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What body system makes blood Cells
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Skeletal System
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What organ produces clotting factors
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Liver
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What layer of the skin avascular
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Epidermis
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Whole blood Contains:
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Plasma & formed Elements
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Buffy coat is..
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white blood cells & platelets
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Serum is
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blood samles allowed to clot, fibrinogen used to make the clot
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Plasma
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Anticoagulant prevents clot, fibrinogen is present in the sample
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Complete Blood Count (CBC)
(full name) |
white blood Count
Hemoglobin hematocrit platelets |
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CBC
by abrevation |
WBC
Hb Hct Plts Diff |
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Arteries
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Carry Blood Away form heart
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Veins
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have vales, take blood back to the heart
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What are the formed elements
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erythrocytes, Leukocytes, thrombocytes.
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Plasma contains...
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90% water and 10% dissolved substances inc. fibrinogen, antibodies nutrients, minerals, gases
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Basic Metabolic Panal
(by Name) |
Sodium
Potassium Bicarbonate Blood Urea Nitrogen Creatinine Glucose |
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BMP
(by abrevation) |
NA+
k+ CI HC03- BUN CR GLU |
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What is the composition of Capillary Blood
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Arterial Blood
Venous Blood Capillary Blood interstitial Fluid Intracellular Fluid |
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What does Capillary blood resembles
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Arterial blood
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Order of draw for capillary draws
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Slides
EDTA Specimens Other additive Specimens serum specimens |
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What is used for Skin Antisepsis
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Chlorhexidine Gluconate
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Define Septicemia
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Toxin that bacteria leaks
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What sites can be used for a ABG
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Radial artery
Brachial Artery Femoral Artery |
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HIPAA stands for
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health
insurance portability and accountability act |
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Gold/Tiger
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None (thixotropic Gel
Chemistry BMP |
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What is used for Skin Antisepsis
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Chlorhexidine Gluconate
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Define Septicemia
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Toxin that bacteria leaks
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What sites can be used for a ABG
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Radial artery
Brachial Artery Femoral Artery |
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HIPAA stands for
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health
insurance portability and accountability act |
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hyperglycemia
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adnormally high blood sugar
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Sodium Fluoride prevents..
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Glycolysis
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The Pulmonary Vein....
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returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium and is not apart of the systemic cirulation.
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Mitral valve is located..
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between the left atrium and left ventricle
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Intima
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the inner layer of the a blood vessel
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Hemolysis
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Damage to red blood cells and release of hemoglobin in the serum or plasma.
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a persons pulse is created by a wave of pressure caused by
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Ventricular contraction
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LDH and CK are test for..
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Enzymes present in a the cardiac muscle, thery are released during a myocardial infarction.
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ALP & ALT are test for
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enzymes measured most commonly to determine liver function
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