American Historical Survey Midterm

Front 1

Philadelphia

Back 1

2nd biggest English speaking. Political hub - Continental Congress. First Capital. Ben Franklins birth place

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X, Y, Z Affair

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French foreign minister Tallyran's three anonymous agents demanded payments to stop French plundering of American ships in 1797. Followed by two years of undeclared sea war with France(1798-1800)

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Declatory Act

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1766, Parliment had the right to tax colonies.

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Thoughts on Government was a book by _____. What did it want?

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-Book published by John Adams in 1776.
-Insisted new constitution should create "balanced governments
-Wanted 2 house legislature

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Thomas Jefferson

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-Came up with Declaration of Independence
-President
-Early leader of the Democratic Republican Party
-Louisiana Purchase

Front 6

Great Awakening

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-Religious revival
-1720's,'30s, '40s
Johnathon Edwards + Whitfield

Front 7

St. Lawrence Seaway

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-Atlantic --->Great Lakes
-Part of the canal era.
-"Westward Expansion"

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Yorktown

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-Battle ended the American Revolution in 1781.
-Cornwallace surrendered to the Americans

Front 9

Mill Girls

Back 9

-Young girls worked in textile mills
-Bad circumstances
-Women working outside home

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James Madison(Author of what and what plan did he come up with)

Back 10

-Virginia Plan
-Author of Constitution
-President

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William Bradford

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-Pillgram
-Leader of the Settlers

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John Winthrop

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-English Puritan Lawyer
-Founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony

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Erie Canal

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-Part of St. Lawrence
-Connected Atlantic and Great Lakes

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Coerave/Intolerable Acts

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-Quatering Soldiers
-Closed the Boston Port
-Reduced the power of the Mass. Legistlature

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James Ogelthorpe

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-Founded Georgia

Front 16

Currency Act

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-Under British law colonies could not print money.
-Colonial money means nothing

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National Bank

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-Alexander Hamilton founded it
-Ferderal governments bank
-Chartered for 20 years

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Lewis & Clark

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-Expedition for Louisiana Purchase under Jefferson

Front 19

Monroe Doctrine

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Stated that further effores by European countries to colonize land or interfere with states in the Americas would be viewed as acts of agression requiring US intervention

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Bacon's Rebellion

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-Bacon upset, he wants to go to Indian land but can't.
-England has to send troops

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Mound Builders

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-Indians build houses in mountains

Front 22

Alexander Hamilton

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-Shot by Burr in a duel
-President

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John Adams(What # president and what party was he)

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-2nd president and was a federalist

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New Jersey Plan

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-William Patterson
-Equal rep for each state

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The Pequot War

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-Mass. Bay and Indians fought

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Sugar Act

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-1764, tax on sugar(Import duty)

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Mayflower Compact

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-Pilgrams
-First Constitution of New World
-Compromise because everyone was a Pilgram

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William Pen

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-Quaker
-Founded Pennsylvania

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Roger Williams

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-Puritan
-Rhode Island
-Didn't think Puritans were strict enough.

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The "Corrupt Bargain"

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-No one gets majority
-Goes to the house
-Clay hates, Jackson supports

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What is the name of the Puritans Church?

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-Purify Anglicon Church

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Harvard

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-Puritan founded
-Originally to train clergy

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Navigation Act

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-Passed by the English Parliament to control colonial trade

Front 34

Benjamin Franklin

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-Inventor, philosipher, diplomat
-Signed Dec. of Independence
-One of the 3 main people involved with the constitution

Front 35

Alien and Sedition Acts

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-John Adams was president
-Harder for immagrants to become citizens and vote

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National Road

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-Baltimore, Ma to Wheeling, Va.
-Early 1800's

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Tariff of Abominations

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-Taxed imported good at a very high rate
-Pissed off the South

Front 38

Whiskey Rebellion(year too)

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-Violent protest by western Pennsylvania farmers against the federal exceise on whiskey
-1794

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Stamp Act

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Parliament required that revenue stamps be affixed to all colonial printed matter, documents, and playing cards.

Front 40

Shay's Rebellion

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-1787
-Daniel Shays and 1,200 others seeking debt relief attempted to prevent courts from seizing property from indebted farmers.

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Battle of Saratoga

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-October 17, 1777
-Major defeat of British general John Burgoyne and more than 5,000 British troops.

Front 42

Marbury vs Madison

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-1803
-First U.S. Supreme Court decision to declare a federal law(The Judicary Act of 1801) unconstitutional.

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The Great Compromise

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-Settled the differences between the New Jersey and Virginia delegations.

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Panic of 1819

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-Financial collapse brought on by sharply falling cotton prices, declining demand for American exports, and reckless western land speculation.

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Nullification

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-Concept of invalidation of a federal law within the borders of a state.

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Vasco da Gama

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-Sailed all the way around Africa

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Ferdinand Magellan

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-Goes all the way around South America and finds a new world

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What was the defeat of the Spanish Armada

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-Spain trying to invade England and failing

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(T of F) Like the settler of Massachusetts, those in the Virgina Company were mostly families.

Back 49

False

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Connecticut and Massachusetts soldiers teamed with Narragansett allies to set the main Pequot village on fire and kill 500 Pequots in what war?

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Pequot War of 1637

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Ideas from the Enlightenment included

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-Individual rights
-The consent of the governed
-The right of rebellion against unjust or oppressive government

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(T or F) A higher percentage of the population enjoyed the suffrage in Great Britain than in the American colonies.

Back 52

False

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Virtual representation meant that

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Members of the British parliament represented the entire empire

Front 54

Britain's response to the Boston Tea Party was

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The Intolerable Acts

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Thomas Paine was in favor of what, and what book did he write?

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-In favor of the revolution
-Wrote the book Common Sense

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The most serious criticism of the Constitution during ratification was the

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Lack of a specific list of citizens' rights

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(T or F) Jefferson and the Republicans were less critical of the French Revolution than the Federalists

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True

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The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was

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Textiles

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At the Women's Rights Convention in Seneca Fall, New York, participants

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Wished to have greater access to things like education and employment

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(T or F) Lincoln not only opposed slavery but believed in racial equality for blacks and whites

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False

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Which state entered the Union during the Civil War

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West Virginia

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During the Civil War, women made what argument

Back 62

that working as nurses was okay because it was an extension of their maternal role in the home

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The cotton gin resulted in

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The rejuvenation of slavery

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(T or F) In the early colonial period in America, indentured servitude was more prominent than slavery

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True

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Jamestown Settlement(Date, Named After)

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-May 14, 1607
-Was the first succesfull settlement by the British
-Named after King James 1

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Salem Witch Trials

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-1692 - 1693
-Over 150 people arrested
-Convicted 29 people
-19 were hung(14 women, 5 men)

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French and Indian War

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-1754-1763
-War between Great Britian and France

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Mexican-American War

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-1846-1848
-Annexed Texas in 1845

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Missouri Compromise

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-Passed in 1820 between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions.
-Prohibited slavery north of the 36,30 parralel except within the bounderies of Missouri.

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Three-Fifths compromise

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-Reached between the Northern and Southern States in 1787.
-3/5 of the slave population would be counted for representation

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When was the constituion ratified?

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-September 17, 1787

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When was the Declaration of Independence ratified? Who wrote it?

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-July 4, 1776
-Thomas Jefferson

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Articles of Confederation

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-Agreement among the 13 founding states that legally established the USA as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution.

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Dates American Civil War

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-April 12, 1861 - April 9, 1865

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Reasons for the Souths Secession in the Civil War

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-Slavery
-Sectionalism(Economies, Social Structure, Customs, and Political Values)
-Nationalism and Honor
-States Rights
-Tarrifs

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What is the Age of Enlightenment?

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-Intelectual movement influenced by the scientific revolution of the 17th century.
-Culminated in the drafting of the Declaration of Indepence

Front 77

The Federalist Papers

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-Series of 85 articles promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution.