Abnormal Psych Chapter 2 Causal Factors And Viewpoints

Front 1

of a disorder is a condition that guarentees the occurrence of a disorder
"If cause X occurss then disorder Y will also occur"

Ex: hopeless (x) is a sufficient cause of depression (y)

Back 1

Sufficient Cause

Front 2

is one that increases the probablity of a disorder developing but is neither necessary nor sufficient for the disorder to occur
If x occurs then the probability of disorder Y increases

Ex: parental rejection could increase the probability that a child will later have difficulity in handling close personal relationships-being rejected relationships in adulthood will precipitate depression

Back 2

Contributory cause

Front 3

some causal factors occuring relatively early in life may not show their effects for many years; these would be considered _____ ____ ____ that may contribute to a predisposition to develop a disorder

Ex: loss of a parent early in life or having abusive or neglectful parents as a child, may serve as a ____ ___ cause predisposing the person to depression or antisocial behaviors in adulthoot

Back 3

Distal causal factor

Front 4

by contrast other causal factors operate shortly before the occurrence of the symptoms of a disorder; these would be considered ____ ____ _____

Back 4

Proximal causal factors

Front 5

a predisposition toward developing a disorder

Back 5

diathesis

Front 6

a viewpoint that achknowledges the interacting roles of biological, psychosocial, and sociocultural factors in the origins of psychopathology

Back 6

Biopsychosocial viewpoint

Front 7

a condition that increases the probability of developing a disorder but that is neither necessary nor sufficient for it to occur

Back 7

Contributory cause

Front 8

view of abnormal behavior as the result of stress operating on an individual who has a biological, psychosocial, or sociocultural predisposition to developing a specific disorder

Back 8

Diathesis stress model

Front 9

causal pattern of abnormal behavior

Back 9

Etiology

Front 10

influences that modify a person's response to an environmental stressor, making it less likely that teh person will experience the adverse effects of the stressor

Back 10

Protective factors

Front 11

the ability to adapt successfully to even very difficult circumstances

Back 11

resilience

Front 12

determination of the nature and extent of a specific disorder

Back 12

diagnosis

Front 13

drugs that are used primarily for alleviating anxiety

Back 13

anti-anxiety drugs

Front 14

drugs that are used primarily to elevate mood and relieve depression. Often also used in treatment of certain anxiety disorders, bulimia and certain personality disorders

Back 14

antidepressant drugs

Front 15

medications that alleviate or diminish the intensity of psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions

Back 15

Anti-psychotic drugs
(neuroleptics)

Front 16

drugs used to treat psychotic disorders (like schizeophrenia) also called antipsychotic and neuroleptics

Back 16

anti-psychotic medicatio

Front 17

use of medications to treat psychological disorders

Back 17

psychopharmacology

Front 18

current diagnostic manual of American Psychiatric Association

Back 18

DSM-IV-TR

Front 19

techniques that use various ambiguous stimuli that a subject is encouraged to interpret and from which the subjects personality characteristrics can be analyzed

Back 19

Projective Tests

Front 20

structured tests such as questionnaires, self inventories, or rating scales, used in psychological treatment

Back 20

objective tests

Front 21

consistency and repeatability

Back 21

reliability

Front 22

concerns the degree to which the test measures what

Back 22

validity

Front 23

use of electricity to produce convulsions and unconciousness; a treatment used primarily to alleviate depressive and manic episodes.

Back 23

ect Electroconvulsive Therapy

Also known as electro shock therapy

Front 24

use of therapeautic procedures based primarily on principles of classical and operant conditioning

Back 24

Behavior therapy

Front 25

a theorectical viewpoint organized around the theme that learning is central in determining human behavior

Back 25

Behavioral perspective

Front 26

therapy based on altering dysfunctional thoughts and cognitive distortion

Back 26

cognitive/cognitive-behavioral therapy

Front 27

a theory of abnormal behavior that focuses on how thoughts and information processing can become distorted and lead to maladaptive emotions and behavior

Back 27

cognitive-behavioral perspective

Front 28

psychotherapies emphasizing personal growth and self-direction

Back 28

Humanistic-experiemental therapies

Front 29

approach to understanding abnormal behavior that views basic human nature as "good" and emphasizing people's inherent capacity for growth and self-actualization

Back 29

Humanistic Perspective

Front 30

theories of psychopathology based on modification and revision of Freud's perspective

Back 30

Psycho dynamic perspective

Front 31

psychological treatment that focuses on individual personality dynamic and psycho dynmacially derived perspective

Back 31

Psychodynamic therapy

Front 32

treatment of mental disorders by psychological methods

Back 32

psycho therapy

Front 33

surgery of the nervous system especially the brain

Back 33

neurosurgery

Front 34

time taken for the level of an active drug or medication in the body to be reduced to 50 percent of the original level

Back 34

drug half life

Front 35

science of determining which drugs alleviate which disorders and why they do so

Back 35

Psychopharmacology

Front 36

structured tests, such as questionnaires, self-inventories, or rating scales, used in psychological assessment

Back 36

objective tests

Front 37

techniques that use various ambigous stimuli that a subject is encouraged to interpret and from which the subjects personality characteristics can be analyzed

Back 37

protective tests