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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the functions of the muscoskeletal system? |
- Provide body framework - Protection to organs - Blood cell production - white/red blood cell - Movement - Mineral storage |
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What are the three bone structures? |
Periosteum Spongy bone Compact bone |
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Describe the periosteum |
- outer layer of bone - 2 layers - Fibrous layer - fibroblasts - Cambium layer - progenitor cells - Dense irregular connective tissue |
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Describe the spongy bone |
- Light, porous - Innermost layer - Honeycomb structure - Spaces filled with vessels and marrow - 20% of human skeleton - Major part of ribs |
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Describe compact bone |
- Middle layer - Hard, dense - Gives strength to spongy - Shell of each bone - Vessels go through bone - Primarily in shaft of long bones - 80% of skeleton |
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What are the classifications of bone? |
Long bone Irregular Short bone Sesamoid Flat bone |
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Describe a long bone |
Regular Shaft - diaphysis Two ends - epiphyses Limbs - humorous and femur |
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Example of a irregular bone |
Vertebrae Skull |
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Example of short bone |
Carpels Tarsals |
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Example of sesamoid |
Patella |
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Example of flat bone |
Sternum |
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What makes up the axial skeleton? |
Skull, thoracic cage, spinal column |
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What makes up the appendicular skeleton? |
Upper limbs, shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle and lower limbs |
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How many cranium bones are there and what are they? |
8 cranial bones Frontal, parietal x 2, temporal x 2, occupital, sphenoid and ethmoid |
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How many face bones do you have and what are they? |
14 bones Nasal, zygomatic, vomer, maxilla and mandible |
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How many vertebral bones are there? |
33 irregular bones |
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How many bones are there in the different sections of the vertebrae? |
7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 4 coccygeal |
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How many bones are there in the different sections of the vertebrae? |
7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 4 coccygeal |
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What’s inbetween the bones in the vertebrae? |
Intervertebral cartilaginous discs |
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How many pairs of ribs are there? |
12 pairs |
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How many pairs of ribs are there? |
12 pairs |
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What are the three types of ribs and how many? |
7 True 3 False 2 Floating |
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How many pairs of ribs are there? |
12 pairs |
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What are the three types of ribs and how many? |
7 True 3 False 2 Floating |
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What is the sternum shaped like? |
A sword Manubrium is the handle Sternum is the body Xiphoid process is the tip |
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How many bones are fused in the pelvis? |
3 |
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How many bones are fused in the pelvis? |
3 |
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What are the names of the bones in the pelvis? |
Ilium, pubis and ishium |
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What does the pelvis do? |
Protects the organs Channel for childbirth Attachment for femur |
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How many bones are there in the lower limbs? |
7 |
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How many bones are there in the lower limbs? |
7 |
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Name the bones in your lower limbs |
Femur Tibia Fibula Patella Tarsals (7) Metatarsals (5) Phalanges (14) |
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What’s in the shoulder girdle? |
Scapula Humorous Clavicle Ribs Sternum Spine |
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What is the only connection between the axial and appendicular skeleton? |
Clavicle |
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What is the 10th cranial nerve? |
Vagus nerve |
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What is the 10th cranial nerve? |
Vagus nerve |
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How many bones are in the upper limbs? |
6 bones |
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What are the bones in the upper limbs? |
Humorous Radius Ulna Carpals (8) Metacarpals (5) Phalanges (14) |
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What are the bones in the upper limbs? |
Humorous Radius Ulna Carpals (8) Metacarpals (5) Phalanges (14) |
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What are the three types of joints? |
Immoveable (skull) Slightly (vertebrae) Moveable (normal joints) |
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What is a gliding joint? |
Carpals of wrist Flat surface and glides |
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What is a gliding joint? |
Carpals of wrist Flat surface and glides |
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What is a hinge joint? |
Elbow/knee Limited movement / direction More strength |
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What is a gliding joint? |
Carpals of wrist Flat surface and glides |
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What is a hinge joint? |
Elbow/knee Limited movement / direction More strength |
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What is a saddle joint? |
Allows 360 degree motion First metacarpal and trapezium bone |
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What is a gliding joint? |
Carpals of wrist Flat surface and glides |
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What is a hinge joint? |
Elbow/knee Limited movement / direction More strength |
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What is a saddle joint? |
Allows 360 degree motion First metacarpal and trapezium bone |
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What is a ball and socket joint? |
Shoulder and hip joint Free range More susceptible to dislocate |
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What is a gliding joint? |
Carpals of wrist Flat surface and glides |
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What is a hinge joint? |
Elbow/knee Limited movement / direction More strength |
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What is a saddle joint? |
Allows 360 degree motion First metacarpal and trapezium bone |
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What is a ball and socket joint? |
Shoulder and hip joint Free range More susceptible to dislocate |
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What is a pivot joint? |
Skull/neck Twist |
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What is a gliding joint? |
Carpals of wrist Flat surface and glides |
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What is a hinge joint? |
Elbow/knee Limited movement / direction More strength |
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What is a saddle joint? |
Allows 360 degree motion First metacarpal and trapezium bone |
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What is a ball and socket joint? |
Shoulder and hip joint Free range More susceptible to dislocate |
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What is a pivot joint? |
Skull/neck Twist |
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What is a seller joint? |
Thumb Swing - forward, back, left and right |
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What’s an ellipsoid joint? |
Flex Fingers/toes |
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What is a ligament? |
Tissue that connects bone to bone Knees |
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What is a ligament? |
Tissue that connects bone to bone Knees |
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What is a tendon? |
Tissue that connects muscle to bone or muscle to muscle Achilles |
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What are the four properties of the muscles? |
Excitability Contractibility Extensibility Elasticity |
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What are the four properties of the muscles? |
Excitability Contractibility Extensibility Elasticity |
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What is excitability? |
How the muscles responds to stimulation |
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What are the four properties of the muscles? |
Excitability Contractibility Extensibility Elasticity |
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What is excitability? |
How the muscles responds to stimulation |
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What is contractability? |
Ability to contract whilst stimulated (Biceps) |
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What are the four properties of the muscles? |
Excitability Contractibility Extensibility Elasticity |
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What is excitability? |
How the muscles responds to stimulation |
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What is contractability? |
Ability to contract whilst stimulated (Biceps) |
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What is extensibility? |
Extend beyond normal length (Growth in muscles) |
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What are the four properties of the muscles? |
Excitability Contractibility Extensibility Elasticity |
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What is excitability? |
How the muscles responds to stimulation |
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What is contractability? |
Ability to contract whilst stimulated (Biceps) |
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What is extensibility? |
Extend beyond normal length (Growth in muscles) |
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What is elasticity? |
Regain original shape after stretching (After baby) |
