61: Floor Of Mouth, Tongue And Swallowing

Front 1

describe the boundaries of the mouth

Back 1

hard palate

soft palate

buccinator muscle laterally

tongue and supporting muscles

Front 2

describe the inferior surface of the tongue

Back 2

frenulum attaches to floor (tongue tied)

deep lingual veins

opening of submandibular duct on sublingual papilla

Front 3

describe the surface of the tongue

Back 3

roughed by papillae

filiform-- no taste buds, tall/skinny

fungiform-- have taste buds, round

vallate papillae (posterior 1/3 innervation)-- lots of taste buds

Front 4

what are the divisions of the tongue

Back 4

anterior 2/3-- oral part (mouth), vallate papillae

posterior 1/3-- pharynx (pharyngeal), roughened by lingual tonsil (lymphoid)

sulcus terminales between, foramen caecum at center

epiglottis at back, folds

Front 5

describe the innervation of the tongue

Back 5

sensory: anterior 2/3-- lingual nerve V3 (touch, temp, pressure), chorda tympany VII (taste)

posterior 1/3-- glossopharyngeal IX (pharynx, touch temp pressure and special taste to vallate papillae)

motor: hypoglossal nerve XII

Front 6

describe the muscle of the tongue

Back 6

genioglossus attaching to mental spine on mandible

superior longitudinal, lateral fibers

Front 7

describe what happens if the hypoglossal nerve is damaged on the left side

Back 7

tongue will deviate to left side

Front 8

describe the arches of the mouth

Back 8

palatoglossal arch to tongue (palatoglossal muscle under membrane, vagus innervation [not hypoglossal], lifts tongue)

palatopharyngeal arch to

uvula hanging down off soft palate

Front 9

describe the muscle pair that lifts/depresses the tongue

Back 9

styloglossus above-- lifts (styloid process)

hyoglossus below-- depresses (hyoid bone)

Front 10

describe the lymph drainage of the tongue

Back 10

crosses tongue (issue with chewing tobacco, cancer spread to lymph)

submental nodes, deep cervical lymph nodes

jugulo-digastric node

jugulo-omohyoid node

Front 11

describe the digastric muscle

Back 11

2 bellies

anterior: nerve to mylohyoid (V3)

posterior: facial nerve

Front 12

describe the mylohyoid muscle

Back 12

deep to anterior digastric

pair of muscles meeting at midline raphae

attached to mylohyoid line on jaw

mylohyoid nerve (branch off inferior alveolar before entering mandibular foramen)

pull hyoid up

Front 13

describe the geniohyoid muscle

Back 13

pair of muscles

between hyoid bone and genial tubercle of mandible

pull hyoid up and forward

supplied by C1

Front 14

describe the submandibular gland

Back 14

salivary gland located inferior to mandible

facial artery/nerve runs through it

watery saliva

parasympathetic innervation through geniculate ganglion, no synapse (cell bodies in brain), run with chorda tympani

Front 15

describe the sublingual gland

Back 15

deep to mylohyoid muscle, on lateral side of hyoglossus muscle

lingual nerve and hypoglossal nerve with it

submandibular duct from submandibular gland connects

sends saliva to papillae under tongue

parasympathetic innervation through geniculate ganglion, no synapse (cell bodies in brain), run with chorda tympani

Front 16

describe the lingual artery

Back 16

medial side of hyoglossus muscle

off external carotid

to tongue and sublingual gland

2nd branch (superior thyroid, lingual, facial)

Front 17

define dysphagia

Back 17

inability to swallow

Front 18

describe the mechanism of swallowing

Back 18

contract muscles of soft palate (press against pharynx, close naval cavity with uvula)

push material downward past epiglottis into esophagus

push epiglottis down into piriform recess close airway