064 Foundational Sciences: Peripheral Nervous System And Cranial Nerves

Front 1

What is the spinal cord segment for the Musculocutaneous nerve?

Back 1

C5, C6 (also C7, but not listed in little book)

Front 2

what muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

Back 2

coracobrachialis

biceps brachii

brachialis

Front 3

What is the sensory distribution of the musculocutaneous nerve?

Back 3

anterolateral surface of the forearm

(green in the pic on the forearm)

Front 4

what are the features of musculocutaneous peripheral nerve paralysis?

Back 4

loss of elbow flexion when supinated

weakened supination

Front 5

What are the spinal cord segments for the Axillary nerve?

Back 5

C5, C6

Front 6

What muscles does the axillary nerve innervate?

Back 6

deltoid and teres minor

Front 7

What is the sensory distribution supplied by the axillary nerve?

Back 7

lateral arm over lower portion of deltoid

(orange in the pic)

Front 8

what are the motor features of axillary nerve paralysis

Back 8

loss of shoulder abduction

weakened shoulder ER

Front 9

What are the spinal cord segments for the Radial nerve?

Back 9

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 (T1 has inconsistent contribution. *Note little book does not say C5)

Front 10

What muscles does the radial nerve innervate?

Back 10

triceps, anconeus, brachioradialis, supinator,

wrist, finger and thumb extensors

Front 11

what is the sensory distribution of the Radial nerve?

Back 11

posterior arm, forearm and radial side of hand and digits 1-3 up to DIP and radially half of 4th up to DIP

(pink in the pic)

Front 12

what are the motor features of radial nerve paraysis?

Back 12

loss of elbow, wrist, finger, and thumb extension (every mm with extensor word in it. & Abductor Pollicis longus)

Front 13

What are the spinal cord segments of the Median nerve?

Back 13

C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 (T1 has inconsistent contribution. *Note little book does not say C5)

Front 14

what muscles are innervated by the median nerve?

Back 14

pronators, wrist and finger flexors on radial side, most of thumb muscles

-FCR

-PT

-PL

-FDS

-FPL

-FDP (of digits 2 and 3)

-PQ

-APB

-OP

-FPB

-Lumbricals 1 & 2

Front 15

what is the sensory distribution of the median nerve?

Back 15

palmar aspects of the thumb-3rd digit

and radial half of palmar aspect of the 4th digit

and Distal tips of digits 1-3 and radial half of distal tip of 4th digit

(lavender in the pic)

Front 16

what are the motor features of median nerve paralysis?

Back 16

loss of forearm pronation

thumb opposition

thumb flexion and abduction

(lateral pinch instead of pad-to-pad)

Carpal tunnel syndrome

thenar eminence atrophy

Front 17

what spinal cord segments does the ulnar nerve arise from?

Back 17

C8-T1

Front 18

What muscles are innervated by the ulnar nerve?

Back 18

FCU

FDP (4&5)

Dorsal and Palmar Interossei

lumbricals of 4 and 5

Adductor Pollicis

ADM

ODM

FDMB

Front 19

what is the sensory distribution of the ulnar nerve?

Back 19

medial half of the palmar and dorsal surfaces of the 4th digit

5th digit

medial palmar and dorsal surfaces of hand (purple in the pic)

Front 20

What are motor features of ulnar nerve paralysis?

Back 20

loss of wrist ulnar deviation

weakened wrist and finger flexion

weakened fourth and 5th DIP flexion

loss of thumb adduction

loss of most intrinsic hand muscles (claw hand)

Front 21

What are the spinal cord segments of the sciatic nerve?

Back 21

L4-S3

Front 22

what muscles does the sciatic nerve innervate?

Back 22

Hamstrings

Adductor Magnus

Front 23

what is the sensory distribution of the sciatic nerve?

Back 23

posterior/lateral calf, ankle and heel (pink in pic)

Front 24

what are the motor features of sciatic nerve paralysis?

Back 24

loss of knee flexion

weak hip adduction

loss of all muscle function below the knee

Front 25

What are the spinal cord segments of the femoral nerve?

Back 25

L2, 3, 4

Front 26

What are the muscles innervated by the femoral nerve?

Back 26

sartorius

quadriceps

iliacus

pectineus

Front 27

what is the sensory distribution of the femoral nerve?

Back 27

middle anterior thigh and anterior medial leg and medial calf distal to knee (see pg. 538 of Netters) (dark orange in pic)

Front 28

what are the motor features of paralysis for the femoral nerve?

Back 28

loss of hip flexion and knee ext

Front 29

what are the cord segments of the tibial nerve?

Back 29

L4-S3

Front 30

what are the muscles innervated by the tibial nerve?

Back 30

gastrocnemius

soleus (superificial posterior compartment)

plantaris

popliteus

tibialis posterior

FDL

FHL (i.e. deep posterior compartment)

Front 31

what is the sensory distribution of the tibial nerve?

Back 31

posterior/lateral calf, ankle and heel

tibial nn. specifically: plantar surface of foot (except margins of posterior medial and lateral side)

& posterior distal heel pg. 540 of netter's

Front 32

What are the motor features of tibial nerve paralysis?

Back 32

loss of PF and supination

Front 33

What are the cord segments of the superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve?

Back 33

L5-S2

Front 34

what muscles are innervated by the superficial peroneal nerve?

Back 34

peroneus longus and brevis

Front 35

what is the sensory distribution of the superficial peroneal nerve?

Back 35

anterior/medial distal lower leg and ankle

most of dorsum of foot except web space between 1st and 2nd digit and lateral border of the 5th metatarsal (sural nn)

Front 36

what are motor features of superificial peroneal nerve paralysis?

Back 36

loss of eversion

Front 37

What are the the cord segments of the deep peroneal nerve?

Back 37

L4-S2

Front 38

what muscles are innervated by the deep peroneal nerve?

Back 38

tibialis anterior

EHL

EDL

peroneus tertius

1st and 2nd dorsal interossei

EDB

EHB

Front 39

What is the sensory distribution of the deep peroneal nerve?

Back 39

web space between first and 2nd toes on dorsum of foot

Front 40

what are motor features of paralysis of the deep peroneal nerve?

Back 40

loss of DF (drop foot)

weakness in the foot intrinsics

Front 41

Name the cranial nerves.

Back 41

Olfactory CN I

Optic CN II

Oculomotor CN III

Trochlear CN IV

Trigeminal CN V

Abducens CN VI

Facial VII

Vestibulocochlear VIII

Glossopharyngeal IX

Vagus X

Spinal Accessory XI

Hypoglossal XII

Front 42

What is the function of CN I? and what does damage cause?

Back 42

function: smell

damage: ANOSMIA (loss of sense of smell)

Front 43

What is the function of Optic nerve (CN II)? and what does damage cause?

Back 43

function: sight/vision, PUPILLARY REFLEXES

damage: MONOCULAR blindness, LOSS of pupillary CONSTRICTION, absence of BLINK REFLEX

Front 44

What is the function of Oculomotor CN III? and what does damage cause?

Back 44

function: moves the eye and elevates the UPPER EYELID

damage: PTOSIS (drooping eyelid)

DILATION of pupil/loss of accomodation of the LIGHT reflex

Front 45

What is the function of the Trochlear CN IV? and what does damage cause?

Back 45

function: innervates the SUPERIOR OBLIQUE MM (moves eye out and down)

damage: diplopia, FAILURE TO ROTATE EYE UP AND OUT (head tilt up and inclined to the opposite side)

Front 46

What is the function of Trigeminal CN V? and what does damage cause?

Back 46

Function: motor innervation of mm of MASTICATION and sensory nerve for the head

damage: loss of FACIAL SENSATION, weakness of mm of mastication, deviation of opened jaw to IPSILATERAL side

Front 47

What is the function of Abducens CN Vi? and what does damage cause?

Back 47

Function: abducts the eye via nerve supply to LATERAL RECTUS MM

Damage: diplopia, convergent squint (MEDIAL STRABISMUS), abductor paralysis of IPSILATERAL eye

Front 48

What is the function of Facial nerve (CN VII)? and what does damage cause?

Back 48

Function: facial expression, speech ARTICULATION , winking,INGESTION of food and drink, taste, salivary and nasal SECRETIONS

Damage: IPSAILATERAL facial PARALYSIS

loss of TASTE on anterior 2/3 of tongue (BELL'S Palsy)

Front 49

What is the function of Vestibulocochlear CN VIII? and what does damage cause?

Back 49

Function: maintenance of equilibrium and hearing

Damage: vertigo, nystagmus, dysequilibrium, tinnitus, loss of hearing

Front 50

What is the function of Glossopharyngeal CN IX? and what does damage cause?

Back 50

Function: taste, ELEVATES PHARYNX, SALIVARY SECRETIONS (testing: say 'ahh' and watch for symmetrical elevation)

Damage: slight DYSPHAGIA, partial moduth, loss of taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue

Front 51

What is the function of Vagus CN X? and what does damage cause?

Back 51

Function: phonation, visceral sensations and reflexes, cardiac depressor, bronconstrictor, GI tract peristalis and secretion

Damage:

palpitation,

tachycardia,

vomiting

slowing of respiration

UMN: uvula deviates toward lesion; ipsilat paralysis of soft palate and larynx

LMN: uvula deviates contralat to lesion

hoarseness

anesthesia of larynx

Front 52

What is the function of Accessory CN XI? and what does damage cause?

Back 52

Function: swallowing (deglutition) and phonation

movements of head and neck (SCM and Trapes)

Damage: weakness in shrugging ipsilat shoulder and turning head to contralat side

Front 53

What is the function of Hypoglossal CN XII? and what does damage cause?

Back 53

Function: movements of tongue

Damage: unilat paralysis of tongue

LMN (nuclear or peripheral lesion) deviation to the ipsilat side during protrusion

UMN: tongue deviates contralat to side of lesion