Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The Demographic Transition Model |
All nations experience changes in natural pop. increase over their history - “demographic transitions” |
|
|
Stage 1: Low Growth |
The longest stage in human history. Hunting & gathering through agrarian society. |
|
|
Stage 1 looks like... |
Triangle/pyramid b/c of lots of babies |
|
|
Stage 2: High Growth - Early Expanding |
Pop growth took off during Ind. Revolution improved technology led to greater yields / efficiency. High births rates continued but by 1900’s - medical revolution helped many live through smallpox, bacterial infections, improved sanitation, food transport & storage, knowledge of water born disease. |
|
|
stage 2 looks like.. |
triangle that is starting to taper in at the bottom so less wide |
|
|
Stage 3: Moderate Growth- Late Expanding |
-The death rate continues to drop slowly with continued med. improvements but birth rates drop -family planning available, lower infant mortality rate, increased standard of living access to birth control -changing status of women |
|
|
stage 3 looks like... |
------- ----------------- -------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------ ------------------------ --------------------------- |
|
|
Stage 4: Low Growth / Stationary Population Level (SPL) |
-Zero pop growth (ZPG) when births = deaths. At / below TFR 2.1 -People know the kids will survive, kids are expensive, lifestyle, education and opportunities for women -various social customs/values = less babies |
|
|
stage 4 looks like.... |
----- ------- --------- ------------------ ------------------ --------------- ------------ ----- |
|
|
stage 5: declining |
birth rate: very low Death rate: low Natural increase: slow decrease reasons for changes in birth rate: family planning,good health, improving status of women, later marriages Reasons for change sin death rate: healthcare, reliable food supplies |
|
|
Some Weaknesses? |
All models have assumptions / idealized generalization · Assumes all nations pass through all 4 stages and assumes that industrialization must occur. · Nations that have pop. growth from immigration don’t fit in. ie. Canada-USA. |
