During World War II an operation was set forth to claim and establish the northern end of the pincer to allow movement of Allied forces deeper into Germany lines. The goal was to move from Belgium to the north, through the Netherlands, puncture through the Rhine, and reorganize north of the Dutch and German border.
This famous operation was set in motion by the United Kingdom’s own Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery, and was given the name Operation Market Garden. Alongside Field Marshal Montgomery were other Allied leaders such as Miles Dempsey, Frederick Browning, and Brian Horrocks all from the United Kingdom. Lewish H Brereton was a lieutenant general in the Air Force from the United States he worked alongside the key leadership from the United Kingdom in this operation. Key leaders from the German side consist of Gerd von Rundstedt, Walter Model, Kurt Student, Willhelm Bittrich, and Gustav-Adolf von Zangen. Among the forces fighting for the Allies was a combination of volunteers, and draftees. This operation consisted of 41,628 Airborne Troops from the British 1st Airborne Division, 101st Airborne Division, and the 82nd Airborne Division, 1 Armored Division, 2 Armored Brigade, and 2 Infantry Divisions. The Soldier’s fighting in this operation were mainly consisted of Airborne Paratroopers, their training was revered as a higher caliber than your average Soldier. OPERATION The name Market Garden was derived from two different elements that would be moving into the Area of Operations. Market signified the airborne forces deployed under Lieutenant General Lewis H. Bereton and his First Allied Airborne Army. Their mission was to seize terrain, and bridges under the command of Lieutenant-General Frederick Browning as his I Airborne Corps. Six divisions from First Allied Airborne Army would deploy. The United States 101st Airborne Division under the command of General Maxwell D. Taylor, their objective was to parachute into two locations north of XXX Corps and seize bridges toward the northwest. The United States 82nd Airborne Division under the command of Brigadier General James M. …show more content…
Gavin would parachute northeast of the 101st. The British 1st Airborne Division under the command of Major General Roy Urquhart and the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade under the command of Brigadier General Stanislaw Sosabowski would parachute in and seize the rail bridge of Oosterveek and the road bridge at Arnhem. Garden represented the ground forces under the command of Lieutenant-General Brian Horrocks and his Second Army. XXX Corps was to spearhead movement north. This consisted of the Guards Armoured Division, the 43rd Wessex, and 50th Northumbrian Infantry Division. They were tasked to push north reaching the 101st by the first day, the 82nd by the second day, and 1st’s no later than the fourth day. At this point all of the Airborne Divisions were to join XXX Corps at the Arnhem bridgehead.
On 17 September 1944 Operation Market Garden was in full effect, early in the operation the airborne forces achieved great success. With high drop zone percentages in terms of gathering all jumping manpower, and close vicinity to their drop zones. The 101st struck hard and fast securing four of five bridges necessary to complete their mission. Soon enough the Germans were upon them, decimating a bridge at Son. The 59th Infantry Division of the German’s engages 101st personnel and were repealed. The 101st then continued South, swiftly the Germans where upon them again. Shortly after the 44th Royal Tank Regiment assisted the 101st in repelling the enemy. The 82nd after jumping in to the north of the 101st promptly secured bridge Grave and the lock-bridge at Heumen. The 82nd was accomplishing their task quickly, but then switched their efforts from the Nijmegan Bridge to the Groesbeek Heights to set up blocking positions for an impending German attack. This impeded the Germans artillery assets from gaining the high ground. The 1st Airborne Division however did not have such success after landing. Due to prior planning the Division only dropped half of its paratroopers on this first drop, leaving a reduced amount of soldiers to take the bridge. Also forcing half of the force dropped in already to defend the drop zone through the night. This left minimal paratroopers to action on
This famous operation was set in motion by the United Kingdom’s own Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery, and was given the name Operation Market Garden. Alongside Field Marshal Montgomery were other Allied leaders such as Miles Dempsey, Frederick Browning, and Brian Horrocks all from the United Kingdom. Lewish H Brereton was a lieutenant general in the Air Force from the United States he worked alongside the key leadership from the United Kingdom in this operation. Key leaders from the German side consist of Gerd von Rundstedt, Walter Model, Kurt Student, Willhelm Bittrich, and Gustav-Adolf von Zangen. Among the forces fighting for the Allies was a combination of volunteers, and draftees. This operation consisted of 41,628 Airborne Troops from the British 1st Airborne Division, 101st Airborne Division, and the 82nd Airborne Division, 1 Armored Division, 2 Armored Brigade, and 2 Infantry Divisions. The Soldier’s fighting in this operation were mainly consisted of Airborne Paratroopers, their training was revered as a higher caliber than your average Soldier. OPERATION The name Market Garden was derived from two different elements that would be moving into the Area of Operations. Market signified the airborne forces deployed under Lieutenant General Lewis H. Bereton and his First Allied Airborne Army. Their mission was to seize terrain, and bridges under the command of Lieutenant-General Frederick Browning as his I Airborne Corps. Six divisions from First Allied Airborne Army would deploy. The United States 101st Airborne Division under the command of General Maxwell D. Taylor, their objective was to parachute into two locations north of XXX Corps and seize bridges toward the northwest. The United States 82nd Airborne Division under the command of Brigadier General James M. …show more content…
Gavin would parachute northeast of the 101st. The British 1st Airborne Division under the command of Major General Roy Urquhart and the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade under the command of Brigadier General Stanislaw Sosabowski would parachute in and seize the rail bridge of Oosterveek and the road bridge at Arnhem. Garden represented the ground forces under the command of Lieutenant-General Brian Horrocks and his Second Army. XXX Corps was to spearhead movement north. This consisted of the Guards Armoured Division, the 43rd Wessex, and 50th Northumbrian Infantry Division. They were tasked to push north reaching the 101st by the first day, the 82nd by the second day, and 1st’s no later than the fourth day. At this point all of the Airborne Divisions were to join XXX Corps at the Arnhem bridgehead.
On 17 September 1944 Operation Market Garden was in full effect, early in the operation the airborne forces achieved great success. With high drop zone percentages in terms of gathering all jumping manpower, and close vicinity to their drop zones. The 101st struck hard and fast securing four of five bridges necessary to complete their mission. Soon enough the Germans were upon them, decimating a bridge at Son. The 59th Infantry Division of the German’s engages 101st personnel and were repealed. The 101st then continued South, swiftly the Germans where upon them again. Shortly after the 44th Royal Tank Regiment assisted the 101st in repelling the enemy. The 82nd after jumping in to the north of the 101st promptly secured bridge Grave and the lock-bridge at Heumen. The 82nd was accomplishing their task quickly, but then switched their efforts from the Nijmegan Bridge to the Groesbeek Heights to set up blocking positions for an impending German attack. This impeded the Germans artillery assets from gaining the high ground. The 1st Airborne Division however did not have such success after landing. Due to prior planning the Division only dropped half of its paratroopers on this first drop, leaving a reduced amount of soldiers to take the bridge. Also forcing half of the force dropped in already to defend the drop zone through the night. This left minimal paratroopers to action on