The standard deviation of mass lost for my personal data was approximately 25%. This shows me that there was a low amount of errors made in measurements. The uncertainty in the class is high which opposes my percentage of uncertainty. Some major sources of determinate error are incorrectly computing the recorded data into Excel.…
In order to safely dispose of a solution with a pH of 12, the solution needs to be diluted with an acid to neutralize the basic solution. The pH range should be between 5 to 8 to be ready for disposal. 2. A graduated cylinder, Erlenmeyer flask, and beaker were used to measure a 60-mL volume. Which of these devices seems to be the most accurate for measuring a 60-mL volume?…
Rafaela Hajdini Bio 104- 55 November 11th 2014 Fermentation Lab Report Abstract: Introduction: Cellular respiration is a reaction that the majority of living organisms partake in to get adenosine triphosphate (ATP), by obtaining chemical energy, to synthesize in three different phases; glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. Both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are anaerobic pathways which means that oxygen is not need to form energy.…
The balance had an uncertainty of 0.05 grams. b. With this experiment, we had a closed environment within the vial, not allowing any particles to come in or out, further explaining why there was no change in mass. The experiment also did not cause a visible reaction. The system was the vial, cap, water, and sugar. c. 2.…
Chapter 3- Creating Anglo-America, 1660-1750 1- Slavery in America was not solely created of prejudice as there were other event that played a role in the creation of American Slavery. Slavery was needed in the the Colonies because there was a lack of workers. Workers were needed and Natives weren 't as reliable as African slaves, so the Transatlantic Trade Route was created. with the spread of tobacco growing at high rates someone need to work on the plantations.…
(0.13)/(0.56)=23.21428571% After knowing the percent composition of Magnesium, and knowing the theoretical value as 25.5%, the percent error can be calculated by applying the formula. (25.5-23.2142857)/(25.5)×100=8.963585451%…
The experiment began with a reaction of a 1cm3 cube of lamb liver and 5mL of hydrogen peroxide solution being put in test tubes in a beaker filled with 10℃ water until the temperatures of the liver and hydrogen peroxide were 10℃ also. The liver was put into a 100mL measuring cylinder and the hydrogen peroxide was also poured in as the timer was started. After twenty seconds, several millilitres of froth had been produced from the chemical concoction. This froth was recorded into a results table, and the previous steps were repeated but with increasing temperature increments of 10℃ until 50℃. After carefully completing the experiment, the final results obtained by measuring the volume of the froth produced after 20 seconds, were recorded in a table - see Table 1, and able to be observed in a graph, see Figure 7.…
The mixture that was 50% Urea, 50% trans-cinnamic acid had the lowest melting point in the experiment. The value for the 1:1 substance was found to be between 95.8 ˚C -98.5 ˚C. The substance that was 10 % urea, 90% trans-cinnamic acid had a melting temperature of 126.7 ˚C -133.3 ˚C, making it lower than both pure…
The smaller the percent error, the better the experiment was performed. A larger percent error hints that an error may have…
Introduction Debates concerning the health effects of artificial sweeteners are relevant not only for scientists and dieticians, but also for diabetics and individuals who are trying to lose weight. According to the American Diabetes Association (2014), aspartame (Equal, NutraSweet); acesulfame potassium (Sunett, Sweet One); neotame; sucralose (Splenda); saccharin (Sweet ‘N Low, Sweet Twin, Sugar Twin); and advantame are six alternatives to natural sugar that are commonly added to foods and incorporated into store-bought foods. Rebaudioside A (Stevia) is a natural sweetener that is also quite common (para. 3, 5). The benefits of artificial sweeteners include their concentrated flavor and their low calorie content.…
Maillard reactions are partly responsible for the flavor of bread, cookies, cakes, meat, beer, chocolate, popcorn, cooked rice. In many cases, such as in coffee, the flavor is a combination of Maillard reactions and caramelization. However, caramelization only takes place above 120-150 °C, whereas Maillard reactions already occur at room…
X_true-X_experimental □(⇒┬ 10 mL-7.20 mL=2.8 mL) To find the relative error, the following formula is used: % error=(|X_true-X_experimental |)/X_true x 100% (|10-7.20|)/10 x 100%=28.0% To find the relative standard deviation, use the following…
Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to synthesize aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. The general theory behind this experiment was to study the synthesis of a drug from organic materials. During the experiment, esterification had occurred between reactants salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Then, phosphoric acid would catalyze the reaction and water would be added to decompose the remaining acetic anhydride. Through the process of filtration, aspirin crystals were collected and separate from the liquid acetic acid-water solution.…
Introduction: Solubility is the “ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent” . The effect of temperature on solubility is that when heat (energy) is added, it increases the speed on which molecules and particles move, therefore making it a quicker process. Where as with cooler temperatures there aren’t as many particles because the solvent doesn’t contain as much energy as warmer temperatures, therefore not dissolving as well as it could if it was warmer. To make jelly you first of all need to add boiling water to dissolve the sugar crystals and make sure they have completely dissolved before adding cold water to increase the amount, this is an example of the effect of temperature on solubility of sugar. The rate of solubility can depend on multiple factors such as the temperature of solvent, the size of the solute and how the solvent is stirred for example stirring time, big or small movements.…
Throughout each test, manganese dioxide had a higher reaction rate than the potato. In data table two, the new potato piece and new H₂O₂ had a reaction rate of 2.5 out of 3 and the manganese and new H₂O₂ had a reaction rate of 3. Additionally, the 1 mashed potato piece had a reaction rate of 2 out of 5 and 1 scoop of manganese dioxide had a reaction rate of 3. Two mashed potato pieces had a reaction rate of 4 and 2 scoops of manganese dioxide had a reaction rate of 5. Three mashed potatoes had a reaction rate of 4.5, and 3 scoops of manganese dioxide had a reaction rate of 5.…