G6PD

In RBCs, G6PD is the only enzyme which protect against oxidative damage.12, 45 RBCs continuously contact with oxidants as free radicals produced by conversion of oxyhaemoglobin to deoxyhaemoglobin and peroxides generated by phagocytosing granulocytes;46 here NADPH is the most important factor used to protect against oxidants. RBCs in normal individuals can activate NADPH generation in response to oxidative stress but not in G6PD deficient patients. G6PD deficiency leads to failure in protecting against the oxidative stress which induces damage in haemoglobin and RBC membrane, resulting in haemolysis.14, 47 Cells from other tissues or organs have alternative pathways for the NADPH production and can protect themselves against the oxidative stress. However, because of metabolic …show more content…
For example, superoxide dismutase catalases conversion of superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen, while catalase converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen proceeds. Glutathione peroxidase reduces hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides to lipid alcohols and water and glutathione reductase mainly converts from the oxidized form of glutathione to the reduced form.12, 52 Among those, G6PD is a key enzyme for maintenance of redox potential in cells and NADPH produced by G6PD acts as the cofactor for anti-oxidant enzymes including glutathione reductase, which reduces glutathione. Reduced glutathione functions as the cofactor for the glutathione peroxidase and the reduced glutathione and glutathione cycle indirectly play a crucial role in neutralizing hydrogen peroxides and lipid peroxides.10 Various literatures also highlight that G6PD is the main enzyme in cell death and intracellular redox potential. Some in vivo studies proved the importance of the G6PD in hemolytic anemia.53 So, G6PD is very important to resist hemolytic anemia and various complications related to