Antiemetics
Overview:
Antiemetics are used for nausea and to prevent vomiting and also used for motion sickness. These drugs can be bought over the counter. (OTC)
Action:
Dimenhydrenate or Dramamine is an antihistamine. It should be taken one hour before travelling, and will prevent motion sickness. The antihistamine is available in children’s liquid formula and in a Less Drowsy Formula that may have fewer sedative side effects.
Meclizine hydrochloride (Bonine) treats vomiting and dizziness and do not operate machinery while taking this medication. This is available over the counter.
Anticholinergics
Hyoscine hydrobromide may be prescribed as a skin patch to relieve motion sickness and it is also available over the counter as tablets. Side effects may include dry mouth, drowsiness, difficulty passing urine, and dizziness. Antiemetic drugs work in various ways, for example, antihistamines and anticholinergics (also known as antimuscarinics) suppress the vomiting reflex; motility stimulants work by increasing movement through the gastrointestinal tract; and serotonin antagonists suppress signals to and from the vomiting centre in the brain. Emetrol is taken orally to relieve symptoms of nausea and vomiting due to overeating or viruses. Side Effects: Emetrol contains sugar and should not be used by diabetics. Pregnant or nursing women as well as children, should consult a doctor before using this. Doses of 800 to 1250 milligrams (mg) of Dimenhydrenate cause hallucinations. Some side effects of this medication include; constipation, blurred vision, dry mouth and restlessness. Contraindications of Dimenhydrenate Do not give this medication to a child younger than 2 years old. Misuse of antihistamines in young children can result in death. Do not use this medication if you are allergic to it. Conditions Treated: Dimenhydrenate treats motion Sickness. Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting signals from the motion-sensing part of the body, the eyes, the inner ears and the nerves in your extremities. For instance, if you watch a movie with really rapid motion, your eyes sense the motion but your inner ear and joints do not. When the brain receives these conflicting signals it activates a response that can make you sick. Dimenhydrenate can also be used to treat Meniere’s disease. This a disease in which you experience vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Symptoms are believed to have occurred because of buildup of fluid in the inner ear. There is no cure and about 10 % of cases run in families. Attacks are treated with medication like Dimenhydrenate. References: http://www.medicinenet.com/antiemetics/page2.htm http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/dramamine Analgesics Overview Analgesics belong to a class of drugs used to treat pain. There are two broad categories of analgesics which are narcotic and non- narcotic and NSAID (non-steroid anti- inflammatory drugs) are in this category, as well as aspirin, called acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) derived from salicylic acid and ibuprofen. This is the most common mild analgesic used. Anti-inflammatory drugs alleviate pain and reduce inflammatory responses. They are used for short-term pain relief, such as arthritis or a headache. Most anti-inflammatory analgesics are derived from salicylic acid, pyrazolone and phenacetin. These drugs do not block the conduction of nerve impulses or affect consciousness. That is the difference between and Analgesic and an anesthetic. When aspirin is taken orally, it is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and …show more content…
It takes 15-20 to take effect and lasts for 4-8 hours. Salicylates cross the blood brain barrier. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.
Side Effects
Hypersensitivity to aspirin type drugs are to an accumulation of prostaglandins, after pathways break down prostaglandins are blocked. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis may result in some serious side effects like peptic ulcers, and problems with blood clotting. Liver damage sometimes occurs with aspirin and renal or kidney toxicity with NSAIDs. Aspirin is also the cause of Rye Syndrome, a degenerative disease of the brain and fatty tissue of the liver.
Contraindications of acetylsalicylic acid aspirin (ASA)
People who are allergic to aspirin or NSAIDS should not take it. Taking low dose 81mg daily aspirin should not be taken by healthy people to prevent a first heart event or stroke. There is an increased risk of bleeding in the stomach, intestines and in the brain. So do not take it if you have a serious allergy or a history of
Overview:
Antiemetics are used for nausea and to prevent vomiting and also used for motion sickness. These drugs can be bought over the counter. (OTC)
Action:
Dimenhydrenate or Dramamine is an antihistamine. It should be taken one hour before travelling, and will prevent motion sickness. The antihistamine is available in children’s liquid formula and in a Less Drowsy Formula that may have fewer sedative side effects.
Meclizine hydrochloride (Bonine) treats vomiting and dizziness and do not operate machinery while taking this medication. This is available over the counter.
Anticholinergics
Hyoscine hydrobromide may be prescribed as a skin patch to relieve motion sickness and it is also available over the counter as tablets. Side effects may include dry mouth, drowsiness, difficulty passing urine, and dizziness. Antiemetic drugs work in various ways, for example, antihistamines and anticholinergics (also known as antimuscarinics) suppress the vomiting reflex; motility stimulants work by increasing movement through the gastrointestinal tract; and serotonin antagonists suppress signals to and from the vomiting centre in the brain. Emetrol is taken orally to relieve symptoms of nausea and vomiting due to overeating or viruses. Side Effects: Emetrol contains sugar and should not be used by diabetics. Pregnant or nursing women as well as children, should consult a doctor before using this. Doses of 800 to 1250 milligrams (mg) of Dimenhydrenate cause hallucinations. Some side effects of this medication include; constipation, blurred vision, dry mouth and restlessness. Contraindications of Dimenhydrenate Do not give this medication to a child younger than 2 years old. Misuse of antihistamines in young children can result in death. Do not use this medication if you are allergic to it. Conditions Treated: Dimenhydrenate treats motion Sickness. Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting signals from the motion-sensing part of the body, the eyes, the inner ears and the nerves in your extremities. For instance, if you watch a movie with really rapid motion, your eyes sense the motion but your inner ear and joints do not. When the brain receives these conflicting signals it activates a response that can make you sick. Dimenhydrenate can also be used to treat Meniere’s disease. This a disease in which you experience vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Symptoms are believed to have occurred because of buildup of fluid in the inner ear. There is no cure and about 10 % of cases run in families. Attacks are treated with medication like Dimenhydrenate. References: http://www.medicinenet.com/antiemetics/page2.htm http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/dramamine Analgesics Overview Analgesics belong to a class of drugs used to treat pain. There are two broad categories of analgesics which are narcotic and non- narcotic and NSAID (non-steroid anti- inflammatory drugs) are in this category, as well as aspirin, called acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) derived from salicylic acid and ibuprofen. This is the most common mild analgesic used. Anti-inflammatory drugs alleviate pain and reduce inflammatory responses. They are used for short-term pain relief, such as arthritis or a headache. Most anti-inflammatory analgesics are derived from salicylic acid, pyrazolone and phenacetin. These drugs do not block the conduction of nerve impulses or affect consciousness. That is the difference between and Analgesic and an anesthetic. When aspirin is taken orally, it is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and …show more content…
It takes 15-20 to take effect and lasts for 4-8 hours. Salicylates cross the blood brain barrier. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.
Side Effects
Hypersensitivity to aspirin type drugs are to an accumulation of prostaglandins, after pathways break down prostaglandins are blocked. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis may result in some serious side effects like peptic ulcers, and problems with blood clotting. Liver damage sometimes occurs with aspirin and renal or kidney toxicity with NSAIDs. Aspirin is also the cause of Rye Syndrome, a degenerative disease of the brain and fatty tissue of the liver.
Contraindications of acetylsalicylic acid aspirin (ASA)
People who are allergic to aspirin or NSAIDS should not take it. Taking low dose 81mg daily aspirin should not be taken by healthy people to prevent a first heart event or stroke. There is an increased risk of bleeding in the stomach, intestines and in the brain. So do not take it if you have a serious allergy or a history of