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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
General examination information
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breed/age narrows list of possibilities, most diagnoses are anatomic at first thena work up is done to find cause, work outside to in, be systematic
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setting/equipment
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dim light/rheostat
finoff transilluminator direct ophthalalmoscope slit-beam penlights heine, eidolon, kowa "slit-lamp" |
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equipment
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optivisor loupes-5x
magnifying loupes-orascoptic, zeiss, keeler dissecting microscope operating microscope |
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restraint
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less is better
sedation/anesthesia may make it harder |
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closer inspection
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symmetry
palpate pain on opening mouth |
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pupilary light reflex
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stimulus: light
receptor: photoreceptors affarent neuron: II efferent neuron: III effector: iris sphincter response: constrict pupil |
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menace response
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stimulus: hand motion
receptor: photoreceptors affarent neuron: II efferent neuron: VII effector: orbicularis oculi response: close eye |
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dazzle
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stimulus: bright light
receptor: photoreceptors affarent neuron: II efferent neuron: VII effector: orbicularis oculi response: blink, turn head |
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blink
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stimulus: touch lids
receptor: touch in skin affarent neuron: V ophth/max efferent neuron: VII effector: orbicularis oculi response: blink |
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cornea
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stimulus: touch cornea
receptor: touch in cornea affarent neuron: V ophth efferent neuron: VII effector: orbicularis oculi response: blink |
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doll's eye VOR
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stimulus: head motion
receptor: semicercular canals affarent neuron: VIII efferent neuron: III effector: extraocular muscles response: keep line of sight |