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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Hip anteversion vs Femoral anteversion |
see doc Hip anteversion vs Femoral anteversion in POTH225/images/L4 |
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How is anteversion of the hip compensated? |
Like femoral anteversion see doc Hip ante-version in POTH225/images/L4 |
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Knee anatomy |
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Femur's characteristics |
* Angled from the vertical * Contains: 1. Condyles (med & lat.) - articulate with TIBIA 2. Patella surface - articulate with PATELA (fibula) |
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Femoral Condyle Differences |
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Tibia plateau Differences |
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Stress = smaller on which Tibia plateau? The consequence of stress reduction? |
On Medial Tibia plateau (where the area = larger than the lateral one) Stress = force/area => stress ↓ when area ↑ => ↑ loading on medial side! |
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Meniscus - def |
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Meniscus - function |
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Axis of movement: - Medial-lateral rotation - Flexion-extension - ADD-ABDuction |
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REVIEW: According to the concave-convex rule - What tibia glide (w.r.t femur) accompanies open kinetic chain knee flexion - anterior or posterior? (open kinetic chain: tibial-on-femoral rotation) |
Tibia fixed |
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REVIEW: According to the concave-convex rule - What femur glide (w.r.t femur) accompanies closed kinetic chain knee flexion] - anterior or posterior? (closed kinetic chain: femoral-on-tibial rotation) |
Posterior |
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REVIEW: Relative Motion of the Femur and Tibia during Knee Flexion and Extension |
Flexion: Tib Med rot For rol Fem Lat rot Bac rol Extension: the contrary |
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OSTEOARTHRITIS (OS) def |
deterioration of joint tissue (bone,cartilage) |
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Describe Screw home mechanism |
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Joint surface motion - summary |
Knee flexion - vaRus alignment -> tibia MEDially rotate w.r.t. femur - tibia deviates MEDially w.r.t. femur Knee extension - vaLgus alignment -> tibia LATerally rotate w.r.t. femur - tibia deviates LATerally w.r.t. femur ---------------------------------- Mnemonic: *fLexion has L already -> with VARUS *extension doesnt have L -> with vaLgus xP |
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Describe Closed Kinetic Chain- Lever Arm |
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How to compensate weak quadriceps? |
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Valgus-varus stress and ABD-ADDuction |
Valgus stress = ABDuction Varus stress = ADDuction |
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Summary of Varus/ Valgus knee and the ligaments affected by the stress (important) |
. Lat. collat ligamt -> resists varus stress/inversion/adduction (imagine cuz of the stress, we have to go IN -> lat. collat. ligamt pulls us back) . Med. collat ligamt -> resists valgus stress/eversion/abduction (imagine cuz of the stress, we have to go OUT -> med. collat. ligamt pulls us back) |
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Summary of Varus/ Valgus knee and the ligaments affected by the stress (important) |
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The significance of the ACL in terms of non-contact injuries regarding the muscles? |
muscles = Quadriceps (Q) & Hamstrings (H) Quadricep overload can lead to ACL tear by creating an excessive shear force anteriorly (pull tibia anteriorly +femur staying put) THUS the hamstrings also play a role in counter balancing this anterior shear force by the quads |
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Closed kinetic chain vs Free weight - Which has the least chain reaction force and when the feet are in which position? |
in a closed kinetic chain movement Position: where the feet are planted on the ground, the joint reaction force is the least when the patellar femoral joint is in full extension (0 degrees ROM) |
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moment arm decreasing/ increasing vs motion: flexion/extension |
*flexion: moment arm decreases *extension: moment arm increases |
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When is patella pulled the most towards femur? |
In full knee flexion |