Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Tissue
|
A group of cells that usually work together in groups.
|
|
|
Histology
|
The science that deals with the study of tissues.
|
|
|
Pathologist
|
A physician who specializes in laboratory studies of cells and tissues to help other physicians make accurate diagnoses.
|
|
|
Four Types of Tissues
|
1. Epithelial
2. Connective 3. Muscular 4. Nervous |
|
|
Epithelial Tissue
|
Covers body surfaces and lines hollow organs, body cavities, and ducts. It also forms glands.
|
|
|
Connective Tissue
|
Protects and supports the body and its organs, some bind organs together, store energy reserves as fat, and help provide immunity to disease-causing organisms
|
|
|
Muscular Tissue
|
Generates the physical force needed to make body structures move and generates body heat.
|
|
|
Nervous Tissue
|
Detects changes in a variety of conditions inside and outside the body and responds by generating action potentials (nerve impulses) that activate muscular contractions and glandular secretions.
|
|
|
Primary Germ Layers
|
First tissues formed in the human embryo
|
1. Ectoderm
2. Endoderm 3. Mesoderm |
|
Cell Junctions
|
Contact points between the plasma membranes of tissue cells.
|
|
|
Tight Junctions
|
Consist of weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that fuse the outer surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes together to seal off passageways between adjacent cells.
|
|
|
Adherens Junctions
|
Contain Plaque
|
|
|
Plaque
|
A dense layer of proteins on the inside of the plasma membrane that attaches both to membrane proteins and to microfilaments of the cytoskeleton
|
|
|
Cadherins
|
Transmembrane glycoproteins that join the cell
|
|
|
Adhesion Belts
|
Extensive zones that encircle the cell similar to the way a belt encircles your waist.
|
|
|
Desmosomes
|
Contain plaque and have transmembrane glycoproteins that extend into the intercellular space between adjacent cell membranes and attach cells to one another.
|
|
|
Hemidesmosomes
|
Do not link adjacent cells. Look like half of a desmosome
|
|
|
Integrins
|
Inside plasma membrane: attach to intermediate filaments made of the protein keratin.
Outside: attach to the protein laminin |
|
|
Gap Junctions
|
Membrane proteins called connexins form tiny fluid-filled tunnels called connexons that connect neighboring cells.
|
|
|
Epithelial Tissue
|
The tissue that forms the innermost and outermost surfaces of body structures
|
|
|
Apical (free) Surface
|
Epithelial cell faces the body surface, a body cavity, the lumen (interior space) of an internal organ, or a tubular duct that receives cell secretions.
|
|
|
Lateral Surfaces
|
Epithelial cell faces the adjacent cells on either side.
|
|
|
Basal Surface
|
Epithelial cell is opposite the apical surface, and the basal surfaces of the deepest layer of cells adhere to extracellular materials.
|
|
|
Basement Membrane
|
A thin extracellular layer that commonly consists of two layers, the basal lamina and reticular lamina.
|
|
|
Avascular
|
Lacks its own blood supply.
|
|
|
Covering and Lining Epithelium
|
Forms the outer covering of the skin adn some internal organs, inner lining of blood vessels, ducts, and body cavities, and interior of the respiratory, digestice, urinary, and reproductive systems.
|
|
|
Glandular Epithelium
|
secreting portion of glands such as the thyroid, adrenal, and sweat glands
|
|
|
Secretion
|
Production and release of substances such as mucus, sweat, or enzymes.
|
|
|
Absorption
|
The intake of fluids or other substances such as digested food from the intestinal tract.
|
|
|
Endothelium
|
Simple squamous epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels
|
|
|
Mesothelium
|
Simple squamous epithelium that forms the layer of serous membranes such as the pericardium, pleura, or peritoneum.
|
|
|
Microville
|
Fingerlike cytoplasmic projections, increase the surface area of the plasma membrane, thus increasing the of absorption by the cell.
|
|
|
Goblet Cells
|
Modified columnar epithelial cells that secrete mucus, a slightly sticky fluid, at their apical surfaces.
|
|
|
Keratin
|
A tough, fibrous protein that helps protect the skin and underlying tissues from heat, microbes, and chemicals.
|
|
|
Gland
|
Consist of a single cell or a group of cells that secrete substances into ducts (tubes), onto a surface, or into the blood.
|
|
|
Endocrine Glands
|
Secretions enter the interstitial fluid and then diffuse directly into the bloodstream.
|
|
|
Exocrine Glands
|
Secrete their products into ducts that empty onto the surface of a covering and lining epithelium such as the skin surface or the lumen of a hollow organ.
|
|