World War I Vocabulary

Front 1

Militarism

Back 1

belief that a nation needs a large military force

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Nationalism

Back 2

a feeling of pride, loyalty and protectiveness towards one's country

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Triple Alliance

Back 3

Germany organized this with Austria-Hungary and Italy for protection

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Triple Entente

Back 4

France combined with Russia and Britain for protection

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Lusitania

Back 5

British passenger ship that was torpedoed by a German U-boat. 1198 people killed, including 128 Americans. It turned many Americans against Germany.

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Woodrow Wilson

Back 6

U.S. President at beginning of WWI. He favored non-involvement.

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ZImmerman Telegram

Back 7

message sent in 1917 by the German foreign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico, proposing a German-Mexican alliance and promising to help Mexico regain Texas, New Mexico and Arizona IF the U.S. entered WWI

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Imperialism

Back 8

policy by which stronger nations extend their economic, political or military control over weaker nations or territories

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Espionage Act 1917

Back 9

law that set heavy fines and long prison terms for antiwar activities and for encouraging draft resisters

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Sedition Act 1918

Back 10

law that made it illegal to criticize the war; it set heavy fines and long prison terms for anti-war activities

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Submarine warfare

Back 11

these underground boats were widely used in WWI

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Sussex Pledge

Back 12

1916 promise given by German government to U.S. They promised to stop sinking non-military ships.

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Trench Warfare

Back 13

fighting during WWI in which troops huddled at the bottom of trenches and fired weapons at each other. Trenches were long ditches dug for protection.

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Eastern Front

Back 14

Germany & Austria- Hungary against Russia & Serbia.
This was a STALEMATE.

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Pacifists

Back 15

person morally opposed to war

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Battle of Argonne Forest

Back 16

defeat of the Germans by French and American troops in France in Oct. 1918. One million Americans fought 47 days in rain and finally broke through German lines.

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Selective Service Act

Back 17

law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men from ages 21-30 to register for the military draft

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Liberty Bonds

Back 18

bonds sold by the U.S. government to raise money for WWI

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Four-Minute Men

Back 19

someone who gave speeches supporting Wilson and the war. They drummed up support in American theaters, etc.

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War Labor Board

Back 20

settled disputes (fights) between workers and bosses

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Russian Revolution

Back 21

1917 revolution. Czar Nicholas II was forced to step down and a provisional government calling for democratic reforms was set up

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Vladimir Lenin

Back 22

leader of the Bolsheviks, a communist group that took over Russia in 1917

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War Industries Board

Back 23

Committee created before WWI. Its task was to get the American economy ready for possible war.

Front 24

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Back 24

1918 treaty that marked the withdrawal of Russia from the war

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General John J. Pershing

Back 25

leader of the American Expeditionary Force (the 2 million American soldiers) in France

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11 /11/ 1918 at 11 am

Back 26

The end of WWI.
No more fighting!

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Fourteen Points

Back 27

President Woodrow Wilson's Goals for peace after WWI

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War League of Nations

Back 28

organization set up after WWI to settle international conflicts

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Versailles Treaty

Back 29

1919 treaty that ended WWI.
1. Made Germany take responsibility for starting war
2. made German disarm and break up army and navy
3. had to pay huge reparations
4. Germany lost colonies
5. Germany had to give up land (which became Czechoslovakia)

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Henry Cabot Lodge

Back 30

U.S. senator who was head of the Foreign Affairs Committee. He was against signing the Treaty of Versailles.

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MANIA

Back 31

acronym for the causes of the Great War in Europe.
M- militarism
A- alliances
N- nationalism
I- Imperialism
A- assassination of Franz Ferdinand

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Zimmerman

Back 32

German Ambassador to Mexico who sent an infamous telegram

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submarine

Back 33

We call it a U-boat. Germans have another way of saying it.

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Franz Ferdinand

Back 34

assassinated heir to the Austrian- Hungarian throne

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Over There

Back 35

Popular American war song by George M. Cohan

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Food Administration

Back 36

Government formed entity that tried to grow and conserve food

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Schleiffen Plan

Back 37

German's plan for a swift victory over France

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Trench Warfare

Back 38

Type of war fought on the western front after the stalemate

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Over the top!

Back 39

Phrase yelled prior to soldier's being sent into no-man's land

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Propaganda

Back 40

used to get Americans to support the war and Allies

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submarine warfare

Back 41

practiced by Germany in the open seas

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War Productions Board

Back 42

Government agency created to oversee wartime manufacturing

Front 43

Liberty Gardens

Back 43

If food will win the war, plant one of these in your backyard.

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Cultural connections

Back 44

Underlying American cause linking nation to G.B. and France

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Kaiser Wilhelm

Back 45

leader of Germany during WWI

Front 46

Vittorio Orlando

Back 46

Leader of Italy during WWI

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David Lloyd George

Back 47

Leader of Great Britain during WWI

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Georges Clemenceau

Back 48

Leader of France during WWI

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The Big Four

Back 49

Name used at the end of the war for the four leaders

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Allied Powers

Back 50

Name of the Triple Entente after the was began. Included England, France and Russia.

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Central Powers

Back 51

Name of the Triple Alliance after the war began. Included Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.

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reparations

Back 52

Germany's payments for Allied losses suffered during the war

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Henry Cabot Lodge

Back 53

vocal U.S. critic of the Treaty's ratification

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Article 10

Back 54

section of the Treaty of Versailles that Senator Lodge was against

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1921

Back 55

year when the U.S. finally signed a peace treaty with Germany

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"Meatless Tuesdays"

Back 56

name for the day of the week when Americans were told to go without meat

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Harlem Hell Fighters

Back 57

African-American soldiers who saw heavy combat in Europe

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self-determination

Back 58

Wilson's idea for national groups to have their own land and government

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airplanes

Back 59

flying weapon that replaced zeppelins during WWI

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John Bull

Back 60

Great Britain's version

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Jeanette Rankin

Back 61

Montana's woman Congress person who voted against entry into WWI

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barbed wire

Back 62

replaced wooden obstacles at the end of the 19th century

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war bonds

Back 63

method by which the government raised millions for the war

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barbed wire

Back 64

replaced wooden obstacles at the end of the 19th century

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war bonds

Back 65

method by which the government raised millions for the war