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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Humanism |
An intellectual movement at the heart of the Italian Renaissance |
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Humanities |
Subjects such as grammar, rhetoric poetry, and history |
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Petrarch |
A Florentine who lived in the 1300s and was an early Renaissance humanist, poet and scholar |
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Florence |
A city in the Tuscany region of northern Italy that was the center of the Italian Renaissance |
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Patron |
A financial supporter of the arts |
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Perspective |
Artistic technique used to give paintings and drawings a three-dimensional affect |
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Leonardo |
An artist with endless curiosity. Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper |
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Michelangelo |
A sculptor, engineer, painter, and poet. Michelangelo created the David and painted the Sistine Chapel |
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Raphael |
An artist who painted The School of Athens |
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Baldassare Castiglione |
An author who wrote The Book of the Courtier, which describes the manners, skills, learning, and virtues that a member of the court should have |
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Niccolo Machiavelli |
The author of The Prince, talks about rulers who had ruthless power |
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What were the main characteristics of the Renaissance? |
Characteristics include more creativity in a worldview, newly discovered methods for exploring, and creative poetry and grammar |
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Why was Italy a favorable setting for the Renaissance? |
Florence, Italy was the heart of the Renaissance, thus making it a favorable area |
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How were Renaissance ideas reflected in the arts? |
Artists such as Michelangelo, and Leonardo da Vinci used the skills in their paintings such as perspective |
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How did Renaissance writings express realism? |
Writers such as Castiglione wrote books that reflected on the Renaissance that occurred in Italy |
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Johann Guttenberg |
Printed the first edition of the Bible using the printing press |
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Flanders |
A region that included parts of present-day northern France, Belgium, and the Netherlands |
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Albrecht Dürer |
A German painter; was one of the first northern artists to be profoundly affected by Renaissance Italy; spread Renaissance ideas to northern Europe; sometimes called "Leonardo of the North" |
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Engraving |
Art form in which an artist etches a design on a metal plate with acid and then uses the plate to make multiple prints |
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Vernacular |
Everyday, modern language of ordinary people |
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Erasmus |
A Dutch priest and humanist; wrote on a number of subjects for the Bible and spread the knowledge to a wider public |
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Thomas More |
A humanist who wrote about an ideal society in which men and women live in peace and harmony in his book Utopia |
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Utopian |
Idealistic or visionary, usually used to describe a perfect society |
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Shakespeare |
An English poet who wrote 37 plays that are still performed around the world; explored and used Renaissance ideals in his writings |
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What was the impact of the printing press? |
Thousands of books were printed in Europe and were cheaper for people to get as knowledge contained within the copies can be widely spread |
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What themes did northern Renaissance artists explore? |
Realistic details on paintings that portrays people going about their business, religious paintings, and classical paintings |
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What Renaissance ideas did Shakespeare's work address? |
Ideas include humanities and vernacular |
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Indulgences |
A pardon for sins committed during a person's lifetime |
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Martin Luther |
A German monk and professor of theology who wrote the 95 theses statement on indulgences |
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Wittenberg |
A city in northern Germany, where Luther drew up his 95 theses |
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Charles V |
Holy Roman emperor who declared Luther an outlaw for not giving up the theses statement |
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Diet |
Assembly or legislature |
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John Calvin |
Protestant reformer who shared Luther's beliefs and also preached predestination |
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Predestination |
An idea that God had long ago determined who would gain salvation |
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Geneva |
Swiss city-state which became a Calvinist theocracy in the 1500s; today a major city in Switzerland |
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Theocracy |
Government run by religious leaders |
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What factors set the stage for the Protestant Reformation? |
The selling of indulgences and the writing up of the 95 theses statement |
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How did Luther's teachings affect people and society in northern Europe? |
With Luther's 95 theses statement being copied and distributed throughout northern Europe, people who support Luther's teachings would be called Lutherans |
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How were Calvin's ideas put into practice? |
Calvinists (people who support John Calvin) tried to live like saints to show they can be saved when living truly Christian lives, and believed that they're God's chosen people |
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Sect |
A subgroup of a major religious group |
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Henry VIII |
Catholic king of England; wanted to break away from the Catholic Church |