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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gender
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is the wide set of characteristics that are seen to distinguish between male and female entities, extending from one's biological sex to, in humans
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sex
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the biological characteristics that define whether a person is male or female
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zygote
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the initial cell formed when a new organism is produced by means of sexual reproduction. A zygote is synthesized from the union of two gametes, and constitutes the first stage in a unique organism's development.
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blastocyst
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a structure formed in the early embryogenesis of mammals, after the formation of the morula, but before implantation
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embryo
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is a multicellular diploid eukaryote in its earliest stage of development, from the time of first cell division until birth
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biological determinism
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biological factors such as an organism's individual genes (as opposed to social or environmental factors) completely determine how a system behaves or changes over time.
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HY antigen
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a histocompatibility antigen of the cell membrane, determined by a locus on the Y chromosome; it is a mediator of testicular organization (hence, sexual differentiation) in the male
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MRF
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acts unilaterally to inhibit development of the paramesonephric (mullerian)
ducts and acts with testosterone to promote development of the vas deferens and related structures |
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MRH
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developing testis that causes regression of the müllerian ducts, the primordia for the accessory sex glands of the female.
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Wolffian ducts
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is a paired organ found in mammals including humans during embryogenesis.
It connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the anlage for certain male reproductive organs. |
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cortex
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the outermost or superficial layer of an organ, and especially in the brain:
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medulla
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a highly vascular stroma in the center of the ovary. It forms from embryonic mesenchyme and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves.
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urogenital folds
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an embryological structure which give rise to a portion of the external genitalia.
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urogenital groove
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the progenitor of the external genitalia.
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gonads
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produce sex cells
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labioscrotal swellings
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paired structures in the human embryo that represent the final stage of development of the caudal end of the external genitals before sexual differentiation. In both males and females the two swellings merge
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genital tubercle
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a body of tissue present in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It forms in the ventral, caudal region of mammalian embryos of both sexes, and eventually develops into a phallus.
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xy
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male
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xx
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female
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embryo is...
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bipotential
programmed for female development androgen (testosterone) sensitive |
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female development...
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occurs "naturally"
nothing extra needs to be secreted no extra hormones involved |
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male development...
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testis determining factor
testis development testis secrets androgen/testosterone testis secretes "mullerian duct inhibitor" causes male development/inhibits female development |
