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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The artists of the Renaissance focused on
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humanistic concerns.
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The development of printing in Europe led to
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increased literacy.
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Luther criticized the Roman Catholic Church for
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selling indulgences.
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One result of the Catholic Reformation
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witch-hunts
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Copernicus proposed that
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the Earth travels around the sun.
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A wealthy powerful merchant class contributed to
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the birth of the Renaissance in Italy.
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The Renaissance occurred in N. Europe later than Italy because
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because the Black Death delayed economic growth in N Europe.
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One effect of the printing revolution in the 1500’s
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the spread of new ideas
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Luther believed that salvation could be achieved
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through faith alone.
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When the pope refused to annul King Henry VIII’s marriage,
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Henry took over the English church.
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Bacon stressed the use of
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experiments and observation in seeking knowledge
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perspective
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artistic technique that creates a 3-dimensional appearance
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theocracy
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government run by church leaders
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patron
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person who provides financial support
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annul
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to cancel
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gravity
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force that keeps the planets in orbit around the sun
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vernacular
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everyday language of ordinary people
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author of The Prince
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Niccolo Machiavelli
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religious reformer who believed in predestination
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John Calvin
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Italian painter and inventor
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Leonardo da Vinci
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wealthy merchant and patron of the arts
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Lorenzo de’Medici
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king who established the Church of England
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Henry VIII
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English humanist who’s book described an ideal society
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Sir Thomas More
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Used the printing press in 1456 to create the first printed edition of the Bible
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Johann Gutenberg
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painter, sculptor who created David and Pieta
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Michelangelo
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English writer who penned 37 plays, hundreds of sonnets, and added 1700 words to the English language
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William Shakespeare
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recant
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to give up one’s views
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humanism
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intellectual movement that focused on worldly subjects rather than on religious issues
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indulgence
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- a lessening of punishment for sins
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predestination
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the idea that God determined long ago who would achieve salvation
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heliocentric
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centered around the sun
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scientific method
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a step by step process of discovery
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hypothesis
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a possible explanation
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utopia
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an idea society
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painter who brought the Italian Renaissance to Germany
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Durer
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humanist and author of Sonnets to Laura
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Petrarch
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German monk who attacked indulgences
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Luther
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scholar who believed the sun was the center of the universe
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Copernicus
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scientist who discovered the law of gravity
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Newton
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queen who brought unity back to England by compromising between Catholic and Protestant practices
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Elizabeth I
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Mona Lisa, The Last Supper
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Leonardo da Vinci
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David, Pieta, the ceiling of the Sistene Chapel
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Michelangelo
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School of Athens
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Raphael
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The Book of the Courtier
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Castiglione
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The Prince
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Machiavelli
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Utopia
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T. More
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Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth
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Shakespeare
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created perspective, designed dome for Cathedral of Florence
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Brunelleschi
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developed oil paint
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Jan Van Eyck
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created theory of gravity
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Newton
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Explain why the development of the printing is described as a “revolution.”
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The printing revolution brought huge changes. The availability of books increased access to knowledge and exposed people to new ideas. This, in turn, influenced thought and affected movements for change. Examples of this change include the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment.
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Why was economic prosperity a necessary precondition for the Renaissance?
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It provided the financial resources to support the artists, thinkers, architects, writers, etc. People had to have money to spend on art, literature, music, sculptures, etc.
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How did the new scientific method threaten the Catholic Church?
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The scientific method, which was based on objective data, undermined Church teachings, which were rooted in ancient biblical and classical beliefs which are subjective in nature.
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Luther vs. Catholic Church - Salvation
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Luther - through faith alone
Church - faith and good works |
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Luther vs. Catholic Church - Leadership
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Luther - ministers lead congregations
Church - Pope is head of all churches |
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Luther vs. Catholic Church - Religious Truth
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Luther - Bible is sole source
Church - Bible and Church Leaders |
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Shakespeare comedies
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Twelfth Night, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Much Ado About Nothing
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Shakespeare Tragedies
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Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth
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Shakespeare Histories
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Henry IV, Henry V, Richard II, Richard III
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Discuss three ways the Renaissance differed from the Middle Ages.
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It was a period of cultural rebirth; it was a period of great creativity; its thinkers explored the realm of human experience, rather than religious issues; and it was a time when human achievement was emphasized.
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Why was the heliocentric model, put forth by Copernicus, so strongly opposed by the Church?
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It challenged the whole system of human knowledge upon which the medieval world was grounded.
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