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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acid |
molecule that donates hydrogen ions and increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
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adhesion |
attraction between water molecules and other molecules |
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base |
molecule that donates hydroxide ions or otherwise binds excess hydrogen ions and decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
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buffer |
substance that prevents a change in pH by absorbing or releasing hydrogen or hydroxide ions
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calorie |
amount of heat required to change the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius |
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capillary action |
occurs because water molecules are attracted to charges on the inner surfaces of narrow tubular structures such as glass tubes, drawing the water molecules to the sides of the tubes |
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cohesion |
intermolecular forces between water molecules caused by the polar nature of water; responsible for surface tension |
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dissociation |
release of an ion from a molecule such that the original molecule now consists of an ion and the charged remains of the original, such as when water dissociates into H+ and OH- |
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evaporation |
separation of individual molecules from the surface of a body of water, leaves of a plant, or the skin of an organism |
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evaporation |
separation of individual molecules from the surface of a body of water, leaves of a plant, or the skin of an organism |
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heat of vaporization of water |
high amount of energy required for liquid water to turn into water vapor |
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hydrophilic |
describes ions or polar molecules that interact well with other polar molecules such as water |
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hydrophobic |
describes uncharged non-polar molecules that do not interact well with polar molecules such as water |
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PH paper |
filter paper that has been treated with a natural water-soluble dye that changes its color as the pH of the environment changes so it can be used as a pH indicator |
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pH scale |
scale ranging from zero to 14 that is inversely proportional to the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
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solvent |
substance capable of dissolving another substance |
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specific heat capacity |
the amount of heat one gram of a substance must absorb or lose to change its temperature by one degree Celsius |
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sphere of hydration |
when a polar water molecule surrounds charged or polar molecules thus keeping them dissolved and in solution |
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surface tension |
tension at the surface of a body of liquid that prevents the molecules from separating; created by the attractive cohesive forces between the molecules of the liquid |