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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the general drug classes
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⒈Antimicrobial
⒉Antiparasite ⒊Cardiac Drugs ⒋Respiratory System Drugs ⒌Gastrointestinal Drugs ⒍Renal/Urinary Drugs ⒎Analgesics |
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Name the classes of Cardiac Drugs (5)
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1. Antiarrhythmics
2. Diuretics 3. Positive Inotropes 4. Catacholamines 5. Vasodilators |
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Antiarrhythmics:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1. Cardiovascular Drugs
2. Lidocaine: controls Na+ (Sodium) flow 3. Propranolol: negative inotrope 4. Verapamil & Diltiazem: block Ca+2 (Calcium) channels |
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Diuretics:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1. Cardiovascular
2. Furosemide*-common Manitol-potassium sparing diuretic; given IV 3. Paraenteral (IV)-not long-term 4. *can cause -Hypokalemia: abnormally low potassium (K) levels in blood -Pulmonary Edema -Ascites: fluid in abdomen area |
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Positive Inotropes:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Catacholamines:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Vasodilators:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Antitussives:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Expectorants:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Bronchodilators:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Emetics:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Antiemetics:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Antidiarrheals:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Laxatives:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Antacids:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Gastrointestinal Protectant:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1.
2. 3. 4. |
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Diuretic:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1. What class?
2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
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Urine Acidifiers:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions 5. What do they treat? |
1. What class?
2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions 5. Struvite Crystals |
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Urine Alkalizers:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions 5. What do they treat? |
1. What class?
2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions 5. Oxalate Crystals |
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Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID):
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1. What class?
2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
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Glucocorticosteroids (Steroids):
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1. What class?
2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
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Narcotic:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1. What class?
2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
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Muscle Relaxants:
1. What class? 2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
1. What class?
2. Examples of drugs 3. Method(s) given 4. Side-effects/Cautions |
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Local, Regional, & Topical Anesthetic Agents:
1. Class 2. When are they used; -Cats -Horses -Bovine 3. Method(s) given |
1. Analgesia
2. Cats- Local Ax-to larynx for ET tube placement Horses-lameness may be diagnosed w/a nerve block Bovine-Regional Block to replace prolapsed uterus |
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What do Diuretics do?
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-Reduce the water content of the body through various methods
-Help reduce Blood Pressure (reduces cardiac work) -Help remove fluid from tissues |
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Classes of Antimicrobial Drugs
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1.Aminoglycosides
2.Penicillins 3.Cephalosporins 4.Tetracyclines 5.Quinolones 6.Lincosamides / Macrolides 7.Sulfonamides 8.Antifungals 9.Antivirals |
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Aminoglycosides
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
*Names end in -mycin, -micin
1.Antimicrobial 2.Bactericide 3.-Gentomicin -Neomycin/Neosporin 4.Topical-(preferred), Enteral* 5.*Many of these drugs are Nephrotoxic (toxic to kidneys) and Ototoxic (toxic to hearing) |
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Penicillins
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
*Names end in -cillin
1.Antimicrobial 2.Bacteriostatic 3.-Amoxicillin -Clavamox -Ampicillin -Penicillin G-(injected) 4.Enteral, Paraenteral 5.Can cause nausea and vomitting-give w/food |
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Cephalosporins
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
1.Antimicrobial
2.Bactericidal 3.-Cefazolin-(IV) -Cephalexin 4.Paraenteral* 5.*These drugs need to be given extra slowly IV |
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Tetracyclines
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
*Names end in -cycline
1.Antimicrobial 2.Bacteriostatic 3.-Tetracycline* -Doxycycline -Oxytetracycline 4.Enteral 5.*Tetracycline-causes tooth discoloration (green) in neonatal or prenatal offspring-(not given to young or pregnant animals) 6.Tetracyclines Tx: -Rickettsial: bacterial that is contracted by eating raw salmon flesh; only dogs can contract it (not cats) -Lymes Disease |
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Quinolones
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
*Names end in -floxacin
1.Antimicrobial 2.Bacteriostatic 3.-Ciprofloxacin-eye drops -Enrofloxacin/Baytril 4.Enteral-(preferred), Paraenteral-(need to give very slowly) 5.Use w/caution in young animals, can cause damage to cartilage in growing patients |
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Lacromides/Macrolides
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
*Names end in -mycin, (be careful! Aminoglycosides also end in -mycin)
1.Antimicrobial 2.Bacteriostatic 3.-Clindamycin -Erythromycin -Azithromycin 4.Enteral 5.Do NOT give to rabbits, guinea pigs, horses, hamsters-they are hind gut fermentors & these antibiotics kill the good bacteria needed for digestion |
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Sulfonamides
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
*"Sulfa Drugs" Names begin w/Sulfa-
1.Antimicrobial 2.Bacteriostatic 3.-Sulfadiazine/Trimethoprin -Sulfadimethoxine*/Albon* 4.Enteral 5.Sulfa drugs are Coccidiostatic *Sulfadimethoxine/Albon is the only anti-coccidial drug approved for treatment of canine & feline Coccidiosis |
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Antifungals
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
*Many Names end in -azole
1.Antimicrobial 2.Bacteriostatic 3.-Itraconazole -Ketaconazole -Miconazole 4.Topical, Enteral* 5.*Enteral/Oral method used for systemic infections (low chance for survival) *Because these drugs interfere with DNA/RNA, it can lead to Birth Defects & Potential Mutations |
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Antivirals
1.Class 2.–cide, -cidal, -static 3.Examples of Drug 4.Method(s) Given 5.Side-effects/Cautions |
*Not used frequently b/c they require dillutions
-Interferon-(interferes w/virus' ability to replicate) -Used to treat Non-Neoplastic Felv infections in cats |
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What do Antiparasitics do?
What are they made of? Cautions? |
-they kill or inactivate internal and/or external parasites
-the chemicals may be drugs or insecticides -Parasites easily adapt & create immunities |
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Endoparasites
1.What are they? 2.Examples |
1.internal parasites:
-Round & Hook worms -Whip worms -Tapeworms -Coccidiosis -Giardia |
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Round & Hook Worms
1.Drug Class 2.Treatment(s) |
1.Antiparasitic
-Fenbendazole/Panacur (treats MANY parasites) -Milbemycin Oxime/ Interceptor/Sentiel -Pyrantael Pamoate/ Strongid or Nemix (comes in tasty liquid) |
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Whip Worms
1.Drug Class 2.Treatment(s) |
1.Antiparasitic
-Drontal Plus-(single dose): >Febantel >Pyrantel Pamoate >Praziquantel -Febantel-(for 3 consecutive days) -Interceptor or Sentinel-(Monthly administration) |
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Tapeworms* (Cestodes)
1.Drug Class 2.Treatment(s) |
*2nd most common diagnosis in cats
1.Antiparasitic -Praziquantel/Droncit* -Epsiprantel/Cestex* -Fenbendazole/Panacur *These are considered the drugs of choice b/c they are highly effective |