Visual Literacy Exam 2

Front 1

Actual Motion

Back 1

moving sculpture that relies on wind and water for movement (nature)

Front 2

Implied Motion

Back 2

still sculpture that represents motion

Ex. Thomas Eakins used movable plates to create sense of motion in high speed

Front 3

High-Speed motion

Back 3

Harold Edgarton (1st to take colored high speed photos) --> stroboscopic photography/ strobe light

Front 4

Edgartown's Milk Splash

Back 4

High-speed photo of a milk drop

Front 5

Manipulated Time

Back 5

creates the appearance of motion

--> still pictures shown at a rate of 24 frames per second to create illusion of motion

Front 6

Color

Back 6

A component of light that affects our thoughts, moods, actions, and our health

Front 7

Important facts about color

Back 7

-color is the affect on our eyes of lightwaves of differing wavelengths or frequencies

- NO COLOR WITHOUT LIGHT

-White light is composed of all colors of the spectrum

Front 8

Hue

Back 8

Another word for color

Front 9

7 hues

Back 9

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet

Front 10

Color wheel/spectrum includes

Back 10

violet, blue-violet, blue, blue-green, green, green-yellow, yellow, yellow-orange, orange, orange-red, red, red-violet

Front 11

RGB

Back 11

Primary colors when working with light (Red, Green, Blue)

Front 12

CMYK

Back 12

subtractive primary colors(Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Key (black))

Front 13

Analogous colors

Back 13

NEXT TO EACH OTHER (similar) on color wheel

Front 14

Complimentary colors

Back 14

OPPOSITE of each other (not similar) on color wheel

Front 15

Value (key)

Back 15

Relationship of blacks to whites and grays (lightness to darkness)

*the lighter the colors = the higher the value

Front 16

Intensity

Back 16

Degree of purity of a hue (also called saturation or chroma)

Front 17

Warm colors (red, orange, yellows)

Back 17

EXPAND & ADVANCE (imply sun, heat, warmth)

Front 18

Cold colors (blues and greens)

Back 18

CONTRACT & RECEDE (imply shade/lack of warmth)

Front 19

Lighting

Back 19

helps to say things without giving a script

Front 20

Flat lighting

Back 20

differences between light and shadow are minimized

Front 21

Chiaroscuro Lighting

Back 21

differences between light and shadow are emphasized

Front 22

Lincoln Memorial and Lighting

Back 22

bright light = fearful ... dark light = confident

Front 23

Symmetrical balance

Back 23

balancing of all like forms, mass and colors on opposing sides of vertical axis of a work of art

Front 24

Asymmetrical balance

Back 24

accompanied by carefully placing unlike terms, creating a psychological balance around a felt or implied center

Front 25

Texture

Back 25

tactile qualities of surfaces/or at least their visual characterization

Front 26

Actual Textures

Back 26

felt by touching

Front 27

Simulated (implied) textures

Back 27

created to look a specific way

Front 28

Oppenheim's Object

Back 28

(Fur teacup) changing actual texture into a simulated one--> wanted to shock people and make them think

Front 29

Repetition

Back 29

how the basic elements in a work of art are repeated or alternated

- creates unity, consistency, flow and emphasis

Front 30

Rhythm

Back 30

Occurs when elements of a composition have an ordered recurrence (regular/irregular)

Front 31

Scale

Back 31

the relation of the size of one thing to another (one of the first decisions an artist makes)

Front 32

Proportion

Back 32

size of parts to a whole / may convey symbolic meaning

Front 33

Emphasis

Back 33

draws are attention to an area

Front 34

Subordination

Back 34

involves creating areas of lesser interest in order to keep our eyes on the areas of emphasis

Front 35

Contrast

Back 35

involves juxtaposing strongly dissimilar elements to produce a dramatic visual effects

Front 36

Unity

Back 36

oneness (real or apparent) ; completeness

--> joining into one

Front 37

Giacometti's Chariot

Back 37

use of thin lines, rough texture & bronze

-->man isolated on his own

Front 38

Center of gravity

Back 38

central object of an image

Front 39

Directional forces

Back 39

paths that the eye can follow in the form of actual or implied lines

Front 40

focal points

Back 40

specific spots that we are drawn to

Front 41

Hayden's: Sky's the Limit

Back 41

O'Hare Chicago terminal, implied movement using lights

Front 42

Poussin's: Holy Family on the Steps

Back 42

Asymmetrical (lines and contrast) Left side weighs more than right

Front 43

Orozco's Zapatistas

Back 43

Protestors (hats & diagonal lines) Shows repetition, movement and rhythm

Front 44

Shuttlecocks

Back 44

Example of persuasion and advertising/ birdies 17th ft high outside of museum *catch interest

Front 45

Ascender

Back 45

part of a lower case letter that extends above the x-height : b, h, l

Front 46

Descender

Back 46

part of letter than extends below the baseline : g, p, q

Front 47

x-height

Back 47

the height of the lowercase letters, not including the ascenders and descenders

Front 48

Typeface

Back 48

the design of a single set of letterforms, numerals, and signs unified by consistent visual properties

Front 49

type family

Back 49

several font designs contributing a range of style variations based upon a single typeface design

-regular, italic, light, bold, book, light condensed, book condensed, ect.

Front 50

type font

Back 50

a complete set of letterforms, numerals, and signs, in particular face, size and style.

Front 51

type style

Back 51

modifications in a typeface that create design variety while retaining the essential visual character of the face

-weight, width, angle, form

Front 52

Measuring size of type

Back 52

12 points + 1 pica

6 picas = 1 inch

72 points = 1 inch

Front 53

Kerning

Back 53

adjusting a letter so that it fits in the space of another letter

Front 54

Leading

Back 54

(in metal type) is strips of lead of varying thickness (measured in points) used to increase space between lines of type

Front 55

Letter spacing

Back 55

spatial interview between letters

Front 56

Readability

Back 56

refers to how letters interact to compose words, sentences, and paragraphs

1. Is dependent upon how the typeface is used

2. How easily words, phrases, blocks of copy can be read

Front 57

Readability depends on a few factors over which you have total control:

Back 57

- letter spacing (medium is best)

- Leading

- Case (upper and lower case is best)

- Layout

Front 58

Legibility

Back 58

refers to clarity -- how well one letter is distinguished from another

1. A function of typeface design

2. How easy it is to distinguish one letter from another in a particular type face

3. Clean, constant, uncomplicated design features make it easy to distinguish one letter from another.

Front 59

Typography

Back 59

the design of letterforms and the arrangement of them in 2-D space (for print media) and in space and time (for digital media)

- can enhance OR destroy your message

- has form and shape, personality and character, texture and the power to express mood, meaning and idea

Front 60

Serif

Back 60

the finishing strokes, or feet on a letter

-help guide eye from letter to letter, making them EASIER to read

Front 61

Sans Serif

Back 61

no hooks, more contemporary

Front 62

Information Hierarchy

Back 62

what you look at first ... order of importance

Front 63

General principals of graphic design and typography

Back 63

-Balance

-Proportion

-Movement

* accomplished by line, color, shape etc.

* the eye tends to favor the upper left corner in any visual field

-Contrast

-Unity

Front 64

Type is..

Back 64

-the voice of a printed page

-can enhance or destroy your message

- is intrinsically a visual language

Front 65

Graphic design IS NOT

Back 65

software (photoshop)

Front 66

Designing is:

Back 66

-communicating

-concept

- content

-perception

-history

Front 67

Who developed movable type?

Back 67

Gutenberg DEVELOPED

Pi Sheng INVENTED printing process

Front 68

Infographics

Back 68

-history

-people

-uses

-guidelines for effective design

Front 69

Signal to noise ratio

Back 69

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